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PpIX formation is dependent on ALA percutaneaous penetration. In this study, to enhance ALA penetration and subsequent accumulation of PpIX, skin temperature was increased with radiant infrared (IR) prior to ALA\u2013PDT application and compared to ALA\u2013PDT alone in the treatment of inflammatory acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten patients exhibiting inflammatory acne with a lesion count of \u226510 were assigned to a split face or split back group. One side was pre\u2010treated for 15\u2009minutes with radiant IR light emitting diode (LED) (970\u2009nm), while the other side was used as control. ALA was then applied after which PDT LED (630\u2009nm) was performed on the entire face or back surface. Blinded lesion counts and clinical global assessment of severity were performed based on digital photographs before and 4 weeks after the PDT procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This randomized, controlled, and rater\u2010blinded trial revealed a significant difference in median reduction of inflammatory lesions on the IR pre\u2010treated (73%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 51\u201381%) versus the control side (38%, 95% CI 8\u201355%) 1 month after PDT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001). Clinical assessment of severity was also significantly lower on the IR\u2010treated side than on the control side (median 1, 95% CI 0.74\u20131.34 vs. 2, 95% CI 1.17\u20131.72). No unusual treatment\u2010related adverse effects were observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reported therapeutic effects may be due to enhanced induction of alterations in transcutaneous diffusion kinetics of the photosensitizer at higher skin temperature and\/or conversion of ALA to PpIX. Pre\u2010PDT radiant IR LED exposure appears to be a promising method to enhance PDT efficacy for the treatment of acne lesions. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:171\u2013178, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,17]],"date-time":"2010-02-17T20:08:26Z","timestamp":1266437306000},"page":"171-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Radiant near infrared light emitting Diode exposure as skin preparation to enhance photodynamic therapy inflammatory type acne treatment outcome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Barolet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1940","volume-title":"Textbook of Dermatology","author":"Cunliffe WJ","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2003.tb00644.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"891","article-title":"Phototoxic damage to sebaceous glands and hair follicles of mice after systemic administration of 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid correlates with localized protoporphyrin IX fluorescence","volume":"136","author":"Divaris DX","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2008.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04186.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00046.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-1811(02)00068-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"891","article-title":"Phototoxic damage to sebaceous glands and hair follicles of mice after systemic administration of 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid correlates with localized protoporphyrin IX fluorescence","volume":"136","author":"Divaris DX","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2007.02503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09047.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Heat enhanced transdermal drug delivery: A survey paper","volume":"2","author":"Hull W","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Appl Res Clin Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(91)90200-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0939-6411(98)00044-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600690709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1999.tb03315.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1999.tb08268.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/0031-8655(2002)0760452TEOAOP2.0.CO2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2006.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b309284d"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1562\/0031-8655(2000)0710640AABNAA2.0.CO2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)70034-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2008.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08882.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17469872.3.5.595"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1988.01670060015008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0781.2003.00054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2005.00213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2006.24.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/104454701753342758"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy: Will it hit its stride anytime soon? 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