{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:12:40Z","timestamp":1790809960497,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,18]],"date-time":"2011-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1295308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":48,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"P01","award":["CA48735"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA48735"]}]},{"name":"Skin Diseases Research Center"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AR39750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR39750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["M01 RR00080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M01 RR00080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1 RR024989"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 RR024989"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non\u2010invasive treatment for non\u2010melanoma skin cancer. However, PDT systems currently used clinically have limitations such as pain and superficial tissue penetration. The silicon phthalocyanine Pc 4 is a second\u2010generation photosensitizer with peak absorption in the far red at 675\u2009nm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the safety and tolerability of topically applied Pc 4 followed by red light (Pc 4\u2010PDT) in treating cutaneous neoplasms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty three adults with a diagnosis of neoplasms including actinic keratoses, Bowen's disease, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, or mycosis fungoides were treated with a single administration of Pc 4\u2010PDT and followed for 14 days. The study utilized a light and Pc 4 dose escalation design in sequential groups of three subjects each.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pc 4\u2010PDT was well tolerated with no significant local toxicity or increased photosensitivity. It has promising biologic effects, particularly in mycosis fungoides where 14 of 35 subjects demonstrated a clinical response, which correlates with Pc 4\u2010PDT\u2010induced apoptosis, as measured by increased active caspase\u20103 in the treated skin lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pc 4\u2010PDT is a safe and tolerable treatment modality that effectively triggers apoptosis in cutaneous neoplasms such as mycosis fungoides. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:888\u2013895, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,18]],"date-time":"2011-01-18T15:35:52Z","timestamp":1295364952000},"page":"888-895","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Silicon phthalocyanine (pc 4) photodynamic therapy is a safe modality for cutaneous neoplasms: results of a phase 1 clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Elma D.","family":"Baron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christi L.","family":"Malbasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Santo\u2010Domingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingfu","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine D.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaija K.","family":"Hanneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew H.","family":"Hsia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy L.","family":"Oleinick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valdir C.","family":"Colussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin D.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"66","article-title":"Intraindividual, right\u2010left comparison of topical methyl aminolaevulinate\u2010photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy in subjects with actinic keratoses: A multicentre, randomized controlled study","volume":"1","author":"Morton C","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b823378k"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2002.01065.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1997.tb08609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00147.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2007.00278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1999.tb03280.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-198212000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"COLIPA Task Force: Sun protection measurement. sun protection factor test method. 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