{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:50:02Z","timestamp":1786978202822,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,7]],"date-time":"2011-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1299456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of lasers to treat atrophic scarring conditions in darker skin types presents a significant challenge to laser practitioners. Current treatment modalities, including deep dermal peels; ablative; non\u2010ablative; and fractional laser resurfacing and surgical techniques, are limited in skin types IV through VI due to increased risks of hyper\u2010 and hypo\u2010pigmentation. This is especially true when attempting to treat large areas of acne scarring. This study investigates the treatment of atrophic scarring with a non\u2010ablative sub\u2010millisecond\u2010pulsed 1,064\u2009nm Nd:YAG laser in darker skin types.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a sub\u2010millisecond 1,064\u2009nm Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of atrophic scarring in Fitzpatrick skin types III\u2013VI through retrospective photographic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200922) who received sub\u2010millisecond Nd:YAG laser treatments for atrophic scarring over a 6\u2010month period. Patients had Fitzpatrick skin types III\u2013VI and were treated for the indication of atrophic scarring using the fluence of 14\u201316\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , pulse duration of 300\u2013500\u2009microseconds and repetition rate of 5\u20137\u2009Hz. An average of six treatments was performed on each patient approximately 3 weeks apart and the mean follow\u2010up time after the final treatment was 9 months (range of 3\u201310 months). Blinded photographic assessments were performed by three independent physicians using photos unlabeled for before and after and arranged in non\u2010chronological order. Reviewers were asked to determine before and after photos and the degree of improvement in scarring, textural change, and post\u2010inflammatory hyper\u2010pigmentation (PIH) secondary to the acne or scarring condition. Degree of improvement was graded using a four\u2010point scale: 0\u2009=\u2009&lt;25%, 1\u2009=\u200925\u201350%, 2\u2009=\u200951\u201375%, 3\u2009=\u200976\u2013100%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on blinded photo assessments by three independent reviewers, clinically and statistically significant median improvement of 2 in scarring, 2.3 in texture, and 2 in pigment were observed (one\u2010sample Wilcoxon signed rank test,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Reviewers were highly consistent (inter\u2010reviewer reliability) in identification of before and after photos (kappa of 0.88).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preliminary data collected in this retrospective study suggest that sub\u2010millisecond 1,064\u2009nm Nd:YAG laser treatment is a safe and effective treatment for atrophic scarring in patients with darker skin types, delivering clinically and statistically significant results with reduced risk of pigment complications and patient discomfort. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:130\u2013136, 2011 \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.21031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,8]],"date-time":"2011-03-08T06:17:35Z","timestamp":1299565055000},"page":"130-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Retrospective analysis of non\u2010ablative scar treatment in dark skin types using the sub\u2010millisecond Nd:YAG 1,064\u2009nm Laser"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Badawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Tome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer","family":"Atteya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevine","family":"Sami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman A.L.","family":"Morsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2007.33059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2008.34284.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2009.01193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2009.01316.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Non\u2010ablative 1550\u2010nm erbium\u2010glass and ablative 10,600\u2010nm carbon dioxide fractional lasers for acne scars: A randomized split\u2010face study with blinded response evaluation","volume":"17","author":"Cho SB","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol 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