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Lasers are ideally suited for selective ablation to minimize healthy tissue loss when replacing existing restorations, sealants, or removing composite adhesives such as residual composite left after debonding orthodontic brackets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, a carbon dioxide laser operating at 9.3\u2010\u00b5m with a pulse duration of 10\u201320\u2010microsecond and a pulse repetition rate of \u223c200\u2009Hz was integrated with a galvanometer based scanner and used to selectively remove composite from tooth surfaces. Spectra of the plume emission were acquired after each laser pulse and used to differentiate between the ablation of dental enamel or composite. Microthermocouples were used to monitor the temperature rise in the pulp chamber during composite removal. The composite was placed on tooth buccal and occlusal surfaces and the carbon dioxide laser beam was scanned across the surface to selectively remove the composite without excessive damage to the underlying sound enamel. The residual composite and the damage to the underlying enamel was evaluated using optical microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The laser was able to rapidly remove composite from tooth buccal and occlusal surfaces with minimal damage to the underlying sound enamel and without excessive heat accumulation in the tooth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated that composite can be selectively removed from tooth surfaces at clinically relevant rates using a CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>laser operating at 9.3\u2010\u00b5m with high pulse repetition rates with minimal heat deposition and damage to the underlying enamel. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.21111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,28]],"date-time":"2011-09-28T13:11:59Z","timestamp":1317215519000},"page":"824-832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Rapid and selective removal of composite from tooth surfaces with a 9.3\u2009\u00b5m CO<sub>2<\/sub>laser using spectral feedback"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Kenneth H.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Hirasuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Fried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.10018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.10162"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LouieTM JonesRS LeCQ FriedD. Selective removal of composite restorative materials using Q\u2010switched 355\u2010nm laser pulses. In:Lasers in dentistry X Vol. 5313. San Jose; 2004 SPIE pp 54\u201360.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.539288"},{"issue":"054045","key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Near\u2010infrared image\u2010guided laser ablation of dental decay","volume":"14","author":"Tao Y\u2010C","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000088186"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01082621"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RechmannP HennigT. Caries selective ablation: First histological examinations. In:Laser surgery: Advanced characterization therapeutics and systems IV Vol. 2128. Los Angeles CA USA; 1994 SPIE p 389.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.184922"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RechmannP HennigT von den HoffU KaufmannR. 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