{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:00:07Z","timestamp":1790424007481,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous research on fluorescence detection of non\u2010melanoma had mixed results. An accurate non\u2010invasive method for the detection of skin cancer is valuable to dermatologists because of the high incidence of skin cancer among the aging population. One notable difference between the methods of fluorescence detection previously studied was the use of the auto\u2010fluorescence of the skin. Currently, there has not been a direct comparison between both methods of fluorescence detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the accuracy of PpIX fluorescence and auto\u2010fluorescence normalized PpIX fluorescence detection systems for the localization non\u2010melanoma skin cancers (NMSC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted an observer blinded direct comparison of both methods. Thirty patients, 14 females and16 males, mean age 62 (SD\u2009=\u20099 years), skin type I to III and being suspected of having one or more NMSC, visited an independent treatment centre for dermatology. The patients were investigated using a fluorescence detection system capable of both normalized and non\u2010normalized PpIX fluorescence measurements. Liposomal encapsulated 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid was used as a photosensitizer. For each area being investigated, the associated normalized and non\u2010normalized fluorescence measurements were directly compared. The results of the analysis were confirmed by clinical investigation using a dermatoscope. Both methods were evaluated based on the number of true and false positives and the number of true and false negatives. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated. Statistical significance of the findings was determined using Pearson's Chi\u2010squared test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The non\u2010normalized method was found to have a sensitivity of 27 % and a specificity of 39 % and the normalized method has a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 100%. This difference is statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using auto\u2010fluorescence in PpIX fluorescence detection of NMSC is more accurate that PpIX fluorescence detection alone. Lasers Surg. Med. 44:271\u2013276, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.21134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T16:19:53Z","timestamp":1323793193000},"page":"271-276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["PpIX fluorescence combined with auto\u2010fluorescence is more accurate than PpIX fluorescence alone in fluorescence detection of non\u2010melanoma skin cancer: An intra\u2010patient direct comparison study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Nick","family":"van der Beek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaap","family":"de Leeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Demmendal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bjerring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.A. 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