{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:21:41Z","timestamp":1792016501204,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,23]],"date-time":"2013-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"US NIH","award":["R01AI050875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI050875"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alopecia is a common disorder affecting more than half of the population worldwide. Androgenetic alopecia, the most common type, affects 50% of males over the age of 40 and 75% of females over 65. Only two drugs have been approved so far (minoxidil and finasteride) and hair transplant is the other treatment alternative. This review surveys the evidence for low\u2010level laser therapy (LLLT) applied to the scalp as a treatment for hair loss and discusses possible mechanisms of actions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Materials<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches of PubMed and Google Scholar were carried out using keywords alopecia, hair loss, LLLT, photobiomodulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies have shown that LLLT stimulated hair growth in mice subjected to chemotherapy\u2010induced alopecia and also in alopecia areata. Controlled clinical trials demonstrated that LLLT stimulated hair growth in both men and women. Among various mechanisms, the main mechanism is hypothesized to be stimulation of epidermal stem cells in the hair follicle bulge and shifting the follicles into anagen phase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LLLT for hair growth in both men and women appears to be both safe and effective. The optimum wavelength, coherence and dosimetric parameters remain to be determined. Lasers Surg. Med. 46:144\u2013151, 2014. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,23]],"date-time":"2013-08-23T06:04:38Z","timestamp":1377237878000},"page":"144-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":251,"title":["Low\u2010level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) for treatment of hair loss"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Pinar","family":"Avci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellman Center for Photomedicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts 02114"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermato\u2010Oncology Semmelweis University School of Medicine Budapest 1085 Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellman Center for Photomedicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts 02114"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellman Center for Photomedicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts 02114"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Wikonkal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermato\u2010Oncology Semmelweis University School of Medicine Budapest 1085 Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Hamblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellman Center for Photomedicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts 02114"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115"},{"name":"Harvard\u2010MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"312","article-title":"Low\u2010intensity laser therapy: A review","volume":"48","author":"Schindl A","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60127-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"CD002049","article-title":"Low level laser therapy (classes I, II and III) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","author":"Brosseau L","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262791"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070039"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-8-145"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-007-0238-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2699"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2011.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.2004.07209004.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00703"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2007.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"691","volume-title":"The mouse in biomedical research","author":"Plikus MV","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SMJ.0b013e3181ebcf71"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1087-0024.2005.10107.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Current understanding of androgenetic alopecia. Part I: Etiopathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Hoffmann R","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-011-0953-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5070\/D31JT041T2","article-title":"Alopecia: A review of laser and light therapies","volume":"18","author":"Rangwala S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2007.03193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2008.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02453990"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2008.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-002-2002-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2002.02117.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2002.02101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2005.31168"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2006.32092.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-200929050-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2004.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-011-0454-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2009.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2186\/jjps.52.167"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","first-page":"2149","article-title":"Promotion of rat hair growth by irradiation using Super Lizer\u2122","volume":"109","author":"Miura Y","year":"1999","journal-title":"Jpn J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.2174\/138161280506230110111042","article-title":"Current trends in the development of nitric oxide donors","volume":"5","author":"Hou YC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1989.01670200122026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187221312800166859"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20148"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20377"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2008.00394.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00097.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11055-005-0137-7"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","first-page":"783","article-title":"Implication of VEGF, steroid hormones and neuropeptides in hair follicle cell responses","volume":"129","author":"Castex\u2010Rizzi N","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","unstructured":"WeissR McDanielDH GeronemusRG WeissM. LED photomodulation induced hair growth stimulation2005;36(S17):27."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11317"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jidsp.5640236"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1163-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000265678"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01377.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-0244fje","article-title":"Thymosin beta4 increases hair growth by activation of hair follicle stem cells","volume":"18","author":"Philp D","year":"2004","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1139-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","first-page":"AB112","article-title":"Phototherapy of androgenetic alopecia with low level narrow band 655\u2010nm red light and 780\u2010nm infrared light","volume":"56","author":"Kim SS","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatolog."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/153082003769591209"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"The growth of human scalp hair mediated by visible red light laser and LED sources in males","volume":"45","author":"Lanzafame R","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14764170902842531"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-9-404"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1130-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3042"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flsm.22170","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flsm.22170","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.22170","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T08:35:35Z","timestamp":1696322135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.22170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,23]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.22170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.22170","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,23]]}}}