{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:34:30Z","timestamp":1791819270489,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,30]],"date-time":"2016-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1469836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Procter & Gamble Company"},{"name":"The Beckett Foundation"},{"name":"The Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intense pulsed light (IPL) is a mainstream treatment for hair removal. Side effects after IPL are known, but risk factors remain to be investigated. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of skin pigmentation, fluence level, and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on IPL\u2010induced side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study was a blinded, randomized intra\u2010individual controlled trial including 16 healthy subjects with Fitzpatrick Skin Types (FST) II\u2013V. Three test areas were each divided into four sites, randomized to a single IPL exposure of 22, 34, 46\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      or triple stacking of 46\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Areas were subsequently randomized to no UVR or single solar\u2010simulated UVR exposure of 3 Standard Erythema Dose at 30\u2009minutes or 24\u2009hours after IPL. Each area had a corresponding control, resulting in 15 treatment sites. Follow\u2010up visits were scheduled up to 4 weeks after IPL. Outcome measures were: (i) blinded clinical skin reactions; (ii) objectively measured erythema and pigmentation; (iii) pain measured by visual analog scale (VAS); (iv) histology (H&amp;E, Fontana\u2013Masson); and (v) mRNA\u2010expression of p53.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifteen subjects with FST II\u2013IV completed the protocol. IPL induced a wide range of skin reactions, including erythema (87% of subjects), purpura (27%), blisters (20%), edema (13%), crusting (13%), hyper\u2010 (60%), and hypopigmentation (20%). Darker skin pigmentation and increasing IPL fluence were determinants for IPL\u2010induced side effects (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.002), while a single exposure of UVR did not exacerbate side effects (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.180). Clinical findings were confirmed objectively by reflectance spectrometry and qualitatively by histological changes in skin architecture, inflammatory infiltration, and pigmentation. Marker of cellular DNA damage, that is, p53, did not increase after IPL (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.24).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin pigmentation and IPL fluence are major determinants of side effects after IPL exposure, while a single exposure to three SED of UVR at 30\u2009minutes or 24\u2009hours after IPL, does not amplify such side effects. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:88\u201396, 2017. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T10:02:38Z","timestamp":1485770558000},"page":"88-96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Side effects from intense pulsed light: Importance of skin pigmentation, fluence level and ultraviolet radiation\u2014A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Thaysen\u2010Petersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK\u20102400 Copenhagen Nordvest Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres M.","family":"Erlendsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK\u20102400 Copenhagen Nordvest Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.F.","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company Cincinnati Ohio 45202"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Beerwerth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company Kronberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Philipsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK\u20102400 Copenhagen Nordvest Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans C.","family":"Wulf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK\u20102400 Copenhagen Nordvest Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Paasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merete","family":"Haedersdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK\u20102400 Copenhagen Nordvest Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2001.00908.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"CD004684","article-title":"Laser and photoepilation for unwanted hair growth","volume":"18","author":"Haedersdal M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"Surgery ASAPS. 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Methods and an apparatus for determining an individual's ability to stand ultraviolet radiation. US patent 1986 nr. 4882598. Ref type: Patent."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"1277","article-title":"UV index and its implications","volume":"172","author":"Wulf HC","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22167"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12182"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-006-0395-9"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flsm.22566","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.22566","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T01:35:55Z","timestamp":1694482555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.22566"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,30]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.22566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.22566","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,30]]}}}