{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:10:31Z","timestamp":1791825031661,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL105215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL105215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL122154"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL122154"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adenotonsillectomy (AT) is commonly used to treat upper airway obstruction in children, but selection of patients who will benefit most from AT is challenging. The need for diagnostic evaluation tools without sedation, radiation, or high costs has motivated the development of long\u2010range optical coherence tomography (LR\u2010OCT), providing real\u2010time cross\u2010sectional airway imaging during endoscopy. Since the endoscope channel location is not tracked in conventional LR\u2010OCT, airway curvature must be estimated and may affect predicted airway resistance. The study objective was to assess effects of three realistic airway curvatures on predicted airway resistance using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in LR\u2010OCT reconstructions of the upper airways of pediatric patients, before and after AT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight subjects (five males, three females, aged 4\u20139 years) were imaged using LR\u2010OCT before and after AT during sedated endoscopy. Three\u2010dimensional (3D) airway reconstructions included three airway curvatures. Steady\u2010state, inspiratory airflow simulations were conducted under laminar conditions, along with turbulent simulations for one subject using the <jats:italic>k\u2010\u03c9<\/jats:italic> turbulence model. Airway resistance (pressure drop\/flow) was compared using two\u2010tailed Wilcoxon signed rank tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regardless of the airway curvatures, CFD findings corroborate a surgical end\u2010goal with computed post\u2010operative airway resistance significantly less than pre\u2010operative (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The individual resistances did not vary significantly for different airway curvatures (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.25). Resistances computed using turbulent simulations differed from laminar results by less than \u223c5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that reconstruction of the upper airways from LR\u2010OCT imaging data may not need to account for airway curvature to be predictive of surgical effects on airway resistance. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:150\u2013160, 2019. \u00a9 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]],"date-time":"2018-07-27T06:19:24Z","timestamp":1532672364000},"page":"150-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Upper airway reconstruction using long\u2010range optical coherence tomography: Effects of airway curvature on airflow resistance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1969-6373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia S.","family":"Kimbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\/Head and Neck Surgery University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saikat","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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