{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T17:31:38Z","timestamp":1767375098781,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41EB015890","R01HL103764","R01HL105215","R01HL125084","R01HL127271","R43HD071701","R43RR026184","R44CA177064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41EB015890","R01HL103764","R01HL105215","R01HL125084","R01HL127271","R43HD071701","R43RR026184","R44CA177064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>There have been many advancements in laryngeal imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT), with varying system design and probes for use in research, office, and operating room settings. We evaluated the performance of six distinct OCT systems in imaging porcine vocal folds (cords) using computational image processing and segmentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Porcine vocal folds were scanned using six OCT systems. Imaging system and probe performance were quantitatively assessed for signal penetration, layer differentiation, and epithelium (EP) measurement. Fitted exponential decay curves with corresponding \u03b1 constant and intensity thresholding segmentation were utilized to quantify the aforementioned parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The smallest average \u03b1 constant and deepest signal penetration was of the SS\u2010OCT 1700\u2009nm 90\u2009kHz microscope system (\u03b1\u2009=\u2009\u22121.74), followed by the SS\u2010OCT 1310\u2009nm 200\u2009kHz VCSEL microscope system (\u03b1\u2009=\u2009\u22121.99), and SS\u2010OCT 1310\u2009nm 50\u2009kHz rigid forward viewing endoscope system (\u03b1\u2009=\u2009\u22122.23). The EP was not readily visualized for three out of six systems, but was detected using automated segmentation. Average EP thickness (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) was calculated as 55.79\u2009\u00b1\u200931.86\u2009\u03bcm which agrees favorably with previous literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comparisons of OCT systems are challenging, as they encompass different probe design, optical path, and lasers, depending on application. Practical evaluation of different systems using computer based quantitative image processing and segmentation revealed basic, constructive information, such as EP measurements. To further validate the comparisons of system performance with clinical usability, <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> human laryngeal imaging will be conducted. Further development of automated image processing and segmentation can be useful in rapid analysis of information. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:412\u2013422, 2019. \u00a9 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T11:07:50Z","timestamp":1548414470000},"page":"412-422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Computational analysis of six optical coherence tomography systems for vocal fold imaging: A comparison study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0308-4540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany T.","family":"Pham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute &amp; Medical Clinic University of California\u2014Irvine Irvine California 92612"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of California\u2014Irvine Irvine California 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92697"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alisa","family":"Zhukhovitskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute &amp; Medical Clinic University of California\u2014Irvine Irvine California 92612"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery University of California\u2014Irvine Orange California 92868"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3468-9235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute &amp; Medical Clinic University of California\u2014Irvine Irvine California 92612"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California\u2014Irvine Irvine California 92697"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Urja","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beckman Laser Institute &amp; Medical Clinic 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