{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T02:01:24Z","timestamp":1786672884148,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluating the efficacy of the fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser, promestriene, and vaginal lubricant to treat urinary symptoms in women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a randomized clinical trial with 72 postmenopausal women aged 50 years or older. The participants were randomized to one intervention each in three treatment groups fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser, promestriene, and vaginal lubricant. Urinary symptoms were assessed prior to treatment and 2 weeks after treatment completion using validated questionnaires, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ\u2010UI SF), and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ\u2010OAB).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant reduction in the total ICIQ\u2010UI SF score in the intragroup comparison (baseline vs. week 14) of the CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). This group also showed a statistically significant reduction in nocturia (1.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.87 vs. 1.00\u2009\u00b1\u20090.76, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.031). In the intergroup comparison after treatment, nocturia in the lubricant group had worsened compared with that of the other two groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Regarding the total ICIQ\u2010OAB score, the results of the CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser group were superior to those of the lubricant group in the intergroup comparison (7.76\u2009\u00b1\u20093.36, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020; analysis of variance <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results were significantly different between the intravaginal fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser and topical estrogen groups for treating urinary symptoms related to the genitourinary syndrome of menopause. Further controlled and randomized studies are needed. Lasers Surg. Med.\u00a0\u00a9 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T12:31:57Z","timestamp":1580214717000},"page":"713-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Efficacy of Fractional CO<sub>2<\/sub> Laser, Promestriene, and Vaginal Lubricant in the Treatment of Urinary Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8831-3930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiza Borges","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology State University of Campinas Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8054-1621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Politano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology State University of Campinas Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9088-6700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00facia","family":"Costa\u2010Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics State University of Campinas Rua Alexandre Fleming, 101 Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo CEP 13083\u2010881 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3197-1195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e1ssia Raquel Teatin","family":"Juliato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology State University of Campinas Campinas S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/mi.2012.012034"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0b013e31829fc68c","article-title":"Urinary incontinence: The role of menopause","volume":"21","author":"Trutnovsky G","year":"2014","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2015.1132199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(03)00676-9"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"2491","article-title":"Is vaginal fractional CO2 laser treatment effective in improving overactive bladder symptoms in post\u2010menopausal patients? 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