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The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of TSR on the release of age\u2010related macular degeneration (AMD)\u2010relevant cell mediators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Porcine RPE\u2010BrM\u2010choroid explants were irradiated with a 532\u2009nm continuous wave laser using different spot sizes (100\u2013300\u2009\u00b5m, duration 100\u2009milliseconds, 15\u2013100\u2009mW). Cell death was investigated by calcein staining. Explants were treated with grids of sublethal spots and cultivated in modified Ussing chambers. The effect on matrix metalloproteinase\u20102 (MMP\u20102) and \u20109 was investigated by zymography and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF), and transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2) was analyzed by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay and expression of HSP70 was examined by western blot. Integrity of the RPE\/BrM\u2010complex was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Laser powers of 15\u2009mW (100\u2009\u00b5m) and 45\u2009mW (300\u2009\u00b5m) did not induce RPE cell death. The integrity of the RPE\/BrM\u2010complex was not impaired after TSR. After TSR with 300\u2009\u00b5m spot size, we observed a significant increase of active MMP\u20102 in the basal compartments. The content of PEDF significantly increased in treated explants in both compartments with 100 and 300\u2009\u00b5m spot sizes. VEGF and TGF\u2010\u03b2 secretion was not triggered by TSR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>TSR represents a possible RPE stimulating treatment for dry AMD. TSR increases the basal release of active MMP\u20102, which might reverse age\u2010related thickening of BrM. VEGF secretion was not triggered by TSR while anti\u2010angiogenic PEDF was increased, indicating an induction of an anti\u2010angiogenic and neuroprotective environment. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T03:40:48Z","timestamp":1592797248000},"page":"359-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Response of Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE)\u2010Choroid Explants to Thermal Stimulation Therapy of the RPE (TSR)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1302-6651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Richert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Medical Center, Christian\u2010Albrechts University of Kiel  Arnold\u2010Heller\u2010Street 3, House 3B Kiel 24105 Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Papenkort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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