{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T19:53:37Z","timestamp":1783626817087,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of Biobank from Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","award":["YBKA201902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YBKA201902"]}]},{"name":"Clinical Research Plan of SHDC","award":["16CR1007A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16CR1007A"]}]},{"name":"Clinical Research Program from Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.","award":["JYLJ001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JYLJ001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many types of lasers have been used to treat caf\u00e9\u2010au\u2010lait macules (CALMs) since the introduction of the selective photothermolysis theory. However, the efficacy and safety of picosecond lasers, compared with those of nanosecond lasers, have not been researched. To compare the efficacy and safety of 755\u2009nm picosecond laser (PS\u2010755\u2009nm), Q\u2010switched (QS) Alexandrite 755\u2009nm nanosecond laser (QS\u2010755\u2009nm), and QS Nd:YAG 532\u2009nm nanosecond laser (QS\u2010532\u2009nm) for treating CALMs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010one patients received several treatments at 3\u2010month intervals. Lesions were divided into two or three approximately equal parts, which were randomly treated with PS\u2010755\u2009nm, QS\u2010755\u2009nm, and QS\u2010532\u2009nm. The safety and efficacy of three lasers were determined based on blinded visual assessments and self\u2010reports of patients three months after the comparative trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visual assessment 3 months after the comparative trial revealed that there was no statistically significant difference among the sites treated by QS\u2010755\u2009nm (2.84\u2009\u00b1\u20091.11), QS\u2010532\u2009nm (2.63\u2009\u00b1\u20091.06), and PS\u2010755\u2009nm (2.74\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05) lasers. Five (26.32%) of 19 patients showed lesion recurrence. Adverse effects included acneiform miliaris, hypopigmentation, and hyperpigmentation, which were resolved within 12 months. Five (26.32%) of 19 patients who showed lesion recurrence 1\u20135 months after laser treatment had lightened or cleared at least 50% of the lesion. 46.67% of patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the outcome of the overall treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PS\u2010755\u2009nm, QS\u2010755\u2009nm, and QS\u2010532\u2009nm laser treatments were equally effective in treating and improving CALMs. PS\u2010755\u2009nm caused fewer adverse effects. Individuals can react differently to different types of lasers. Patch tests should be conducted before the treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T07:40:30Z","timestamp":1600069230000},"page":"435-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Comparative Effectiveness of 755\u2010nm Picosecond Laser, 755\u2010 and 532\u2010nm Nanosecond Lasers for Treatment of Caf\u00e9\u2010au\u2010Lait Macules (CALMs): A Randomized, Split\u2010Lesion Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2590-0147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingqing","family":"Cen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8623-0090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifei","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamin","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0805-5757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiafang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianglei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanru","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"},{"name":"Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  No. 639 Zhizaoju Road Shanghai Shanghai 200011 PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.22-3-82"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"624","volume-title":"Hurwitz Clinical Pediatric Dermatology","author":"Paller A","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"[Diagnostic value of caf\u00e9\u2010au\u2010lait spots (author's transl)]","volume":"107","author":"Ortonne JP","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.41.217.316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550010065042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)90315-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1995.01690240080013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.03061.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002669900155"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"841","article-title":"Treatment of widespread segmental nevus spilus by Q\u2010switched alexandrite laser (755 nm, 100 ns)","volume":"27","author":"Moreno\u2010Arias GA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.119084"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14764172.2016.1157365"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14764172.2017.1349324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.12.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr010436c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-018-2459-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22454"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.07.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.2807"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6836297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"387","volume-title":"Cutaneous and Cosmetic Laser Surgery","author":"Goldman MP","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"1025","volume-title":"Dermatology Essentials","author":"Bolognia J","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14628839950516706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-006-0436-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2011.590790"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2373-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1332-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(93)90177-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2003.29059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12762"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000894"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001697"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flsm.23316","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.23316","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lsm.23316","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.23316","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:21:35Z","timestamp":1693552895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.23316"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.23316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23316","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}