{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:44:55Z","timestamp":1787240695328,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a common condition affecting of most postmenopausal women, which greatly impacks the quality of life,and need to treat. This prospective multicenter cohort study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the fractional carbon dioxide (CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) laser with that of topical estrogen for vaginal treatment and relieving symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 162 postmenopausal patients who received vaginal laser or topical Estriol cream therapy between January 2017 and May 2019 at eight study centers in China. The degree of GSM\u2010related symptoms (vaginal burning, dryness, and dyspareunia) was evaluated using the Vaginal Health Index score (VHIS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. The primary endpoint was the improvement in vaginal burning, dryness, and dyspareunia at 6 months after treatment. Multivariate logistic regression was used to compare the rate of improvement in the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At baseline, the laser and control groups showed no significant difference in the mean age, time after menopause, and the VHIS (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). In the laser group, compared with baseline, significant differences were seen in the VHIS after the first or second treatment session and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In the control group, compared with baseline, the VHIS showed significant differences after 1, 3, and 6 months of treatment (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, there was no significant difference after 3 and 6 months of follow\u2010up between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The VHIS scores were significantly higher after 1 month (16.63\u2009\u00b1\u20092.79 vs. 15.57\u2009\u00b1\u20092.43) and 12 months (15.72\u2009\u00b1\u20092.59 vs. 12.12\u2009\u00b1\u20094.08) of treatment in both the groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). At 6 months after treatment, both groups showed improvement in vaginal burning, vaginal dryness, and dyspareunia (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The VAS findings at 6 months posttreatment were significantly different when compared with the pretreatment findings (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There were no significant adverse effects in the two groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fractional CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser vaginal treatment could be a safe and effective option for treating symptoms of GSM, including vaginal burning, dryness, and dyspareunia. The improvement in symptoms was comparable with that seen with topical estrogen therapy and lasted for at least 6\u201312 months posttreatment. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:31:18Z","timestamp":1605832278000},"page":"647-653","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Fractional CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Laser for the Treatment of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3096-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingran","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University People's Hospital Xizhimen, South Street Beijing Beijing 100044 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Lianhua Road Shenzhen Guangdong 518036 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Changsha Hospital for Maternity and Child Healthcare Chengnan East Road Changsha Hunan 410007 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiqing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University Yanjiang West Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Renmin South Road Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Kangfuqian Street Zhengzhou Henan 450008 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Puyang Oilfield General Hospital Daqing Road Puyang Henan 457000 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Sanzhong Road Liuzhou Guangxi 545001 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Lianhua Road Shenzhen Guangdong 518036 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Changsha Hospital for Maternity and Child Healthcare Chengnan East Road Changsha Hunan 410007 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University Yanjiang West Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510120 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuli","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University People's Hospital Xizhimen, South Street Beijing Beijing 100044 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianliu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University People's Hospital Xizhimen, South Street Beijing Beijing 100044 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09513591003767948"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000329"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000675"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2018.1559806"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Genitourinary syndrome of menopause\u2014Is the problem solved? 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