{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:44:20Z","timestamp":1785437060514,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze histopathological changes and degree of damage to the axillary tissue due to single\u2010 and double\u2010pass irradiation therapy using a microwave energy\u2010based device.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and\u00a0Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 15 axillary hyperhidrosis and axillary osmidrosis patients who received microwave irradiation therapy between March 2017 and March 2019. Ten patients underwent single\u2010pass irradiation and five underwent double\u2010pass irradiation, after which skin samples were collected from the right and left axillae for pathological analysis. Samples were taken in a consistent manner from Patient 6 onwards and a comparative study of five single\u2010pass and five double\u2010pass patients was conducted (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Histopathological analysis showed destruction and fibrosis in addition to necrosis and damage to the adipose tissue in apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. In the superficial microvasculature, blood vessel wall damage and thrombus formation were observed as well as damage in the hair follicles and hair bulbs. No obvious damage was observed in the epidermis and nerves. The amount of damage to sweat glands was higher in patients undergoing double\u2010pass instead of single\u2010pass irradiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>From a histopathological point of view, microwave energy\u2010based irradiation therapy can be considered efficient, as there was no damage to epidermis and nerves and favorable destruction of apocrine and eccrine glands. As the amount of damaged sweat glands was higher after double\u2010pass irradiation, it can be considered more effective than single\u2010pass irradiation. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T07:33:07Z","timestamp":1622014387000},"page":"1220-1226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pathological Changes in Axillary Hyperhidrosis and Axillary Osmidrosis Induced by Microwave Treatment: Comparison of Single\u2010\u00a0and Double\u2010Pass Irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6757-3087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoka","family":"Hatano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Jikei University School of Medicine  3\u201025\u20108 Nishishinbashi Minato City Tokyo 105\u20108461 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1942-3586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nei","family":"Fukasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology The Jikei University School of Medicine  3\u201025\u20108 Nishishinbashi Minato City Tokyo 105\u20108461 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2050-5896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chigusa","family":"Miyano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Jikei University School of Medicine  3\u201025\u20108 Nishishinbashi Minato City Tokyo 105\u20108461 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2576-9727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris","family":"Wiederkehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive 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