{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T15:27:23Z","timestamp":1776266843243,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The skin microbiota partly determined by epidermal barrier plays an important role in acne vulgaris and intense pulsed light (IPL) has been verified as a safe and effective therapeutic option for this disease. Nevertheless, the exact role of the IPL treatment on the skin microbiota and epidermal barrier for patients with acne vulgaris remains unclear. This article was designed to solve this problem.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design\/Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nineteen healthy controls and 20 patients with mild to moderate acne were enrolled in this study, who received IPL treatment for 12 weeks. The epidermal barrier and skin samples were collected at baseline and after treatment. The microbial diversity was analyzed based on a high\u2010throughput sequencing approach, which targets the V3\u2013V4 region of the bacteria 16S ribosomal RNA genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After treatment of IPL, the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) scores, sebum, sclererythrin, and red area of patients were significantly improved by IPL treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Although there was no difference in microbiota diversity before and after IPL treatment, the Nonmetric Multidimension Scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that the samples of the acne patients before and after treatment could be divided into two different sets by skin microbiota (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011), which could be verified by heatmap analysis. Moreover, we found that the relative abundance of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>) significantly increased, but <jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>) decreased after IPL treatment. The sebum concentration was positively correlated with PH value (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.525, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017), and the GAGS was positively associated with both sclererythrin (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.477, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) and red area (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.503, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IPL could successfully improve the GAGS scores of acne vulgaris, as well as regulate the equilibrium between <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>, and inhibit\u00a0the sebum secretion. Lasers Surg. Med. \u00a9 2021 The Authors. <jats:italic>Lasers in Surgery and Medicine<\/jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,5]],"date-time":"2021-07-05T19:29:53Z","timestamp":1625513393000},"page":"1348-1355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Effect of Intense Pulsed Light on the Skin Microbiota and Epidermal Barrier in Patients with Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3033-0655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiexiong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology &amp; STD The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 646000 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Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer Hospital  Chongqing 400030 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology &amp; STD The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongqiong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology &amp; STD The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 646000 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