{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T08:03:11Z","timestamp":1777968191485,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A two\u2010step irradiance schedule has been found to be useful for pain control during photodynamic therapy (PDT) on nonmelanotic skin cancer and condyloma acuminatum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of a new three\u2010step irradiance schedule derived from the psychological \u201cpeak\u2010end rule\u201d and two\u2010step irradiance schedule in relieving pain during 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid PDT (ALA\u2010PDT) on acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 90 moderate to severe acne patients were enrolled in our study and randomly divided into two groups with a ratio of 1:1. They were treated by a light\u2010emitting diode light source of 633\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u2009nm after being incubated with 5% ALA for an hour using a two\u2010step or three\u2010step irradiance schedule, respectively. The total irradiance intensity was 84\u2009J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> of each session and the treatment interval was 2 weeks. Pain was recorded 30\u2009min after each PDT using a visual analog scale (VAS). Follow\u2010up was done at baseline and 2 weeks after each treatment. The numbers of lesions were counted after the third treatment through the pictures taken before and all the side effects were recorded at each follow\u2010up visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty\u2010seven subjects completed the total three treatments (44 cases in Group A and 43 cases in Group B). The average VAS of Group B (1.61\u2009\u00b1\u20090.67) was significantly lower than that of Group A (3.14\u2009\u00b1\u20090.67), with a difference of 1.52\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08 (<jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20090.0001) between them. Both groups received a similar effective rate after the total three sessions (88.64% vs. 88.37%, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The new three\u2010step irradiance method could relieve pain during ALA\u2010PDT more significantly than the two\u2010step schedule with a similar effective rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T04:28:35Z","timestamp":1628483315000},"page":"224-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Three\u2010step irradiance schedule versus two\u2010step irradiance schedule for pain control during topical 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid\u2010photodynamic therapy of facial acne in Chinese patients: A prospective randomized comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Hai\u2010En","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The Seventh People's Hospital of Shenyang  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Bin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The Seventh People's Hospital of Shenyang  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The Seventh People's Hospital of Shenyang  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gui\u2010Juan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology The Seventh People's Hospital of Shenyang  Shenyang 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