{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:51:55Z","timestamp":1786978315204,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun is known to have a deleterious effect on the skin. Repeated insults to the dermal matrix from UV radiation result in the clinical signs of photodamage, including changes in skin elasticity, color, and texture. UV radiation also leads to the accumulation of DNA mutations and promotes tumor development, resulting in the formation of cutaneous precancerous and cancerous lesions. Continuous\u2010wave incoherent blue light, intense pulsed light (IPL), and pulsed dye laser (PDL) are safe and efficacious light sources commonly used for aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (PDT). The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of PDT for the treatment of photodamage and actinic keratoses using four different combinations of light sources: PDL, PDL\u2009+\u2009blue light, IPL, and IPL\u2009+\u2009blue light.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 220 patients with either photodamage or actinic keratosis (AK) were recruited from the Miami Dermatology Laser Institute (Miami, FL) and were assigned prospectively to undergo one PDT treatment with one of the four light options: PDL, PDL\u2009+\u2009blue light, IPL or IPL\u2009+\u2009blue light. Of the 220 patients enrolled in treatment groups, 214 patients completed the study. Of the 214 patients, 88 received treatment for AK, and 126 received treatment for photodamage. All patients gave their consent to participate in the study and to allow their photographs to be utilized for the purpose of scientific presentations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment with IPL resulted in a 70.8% reduction of actinic keratoses at a 1\u2010month follow\u2010up. Treatment with IPL and blue light 84.4% reduction of actinic keratoses at 1 month follow up. Treatment with PDL 70.5% reduction of actinic keratoses at 1 month follow up. Treatment with PDL and blue light 69.3% reduction of actinic keratoses at 1 month follow up. Treatment with IPL resulted in an improvement score of 2.9. Treatment with IPL and blue light resulted in an improvement score of 3.0. Treatment PDL resulted in an improvement score of 1.5. Treatment with PDL and\u00a0blue light resulted in an improvement score of 1.8.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although all four treatment groups led to some improvement in signs of photoaging, IPL\u2009+\u2009blue light again demonstrated increased efficacy when compared to IPL, PDL, and PDL\u2009+\u2009blue light treatment groups. Results from our study were limited by an unequal distribution between treatment groups and a lack of follow\u2010up beyond a 1\u2010month period and warrant further research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T03:45:58Z","timestamp":1642563958000},"page":"66-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prospective study of intense pulsed light versus pulsed dye laser with or without blue light in the activation of PDT for the treatment of actinic keratosis and photodamage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4345-2600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Abrouk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Massachusetts General Hospital Laser &amp; Cosmetic Dermatology Wellman Center for Photomedicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chloe","family":"Gianatasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami Dermatology &amp; Laser Institute Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology &amp; Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4876-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill S.","family":"Waibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami Dermatology &amp; Laser Institute Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2494.2007.00415.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10887.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103339"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Safety and cosmetic effects of photodynamic therapy using hexyl aminolevulinate and intense pulsed light: A pilot study conducted in subjects with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate facial photodamage","volume":"6","author":"Gold MH","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(92)85108-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1875"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1986.tb04726.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2016.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1253"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"CD004415","article-title":"Interventions for actinic keratoses","volume":"12","author":"Gupta AK","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2012.08046.x","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for skin rejuvenation: review and summary of the literature\u2014results of a consensus conference of an expert group for aesthetic photodynamic therapy","volume":"11","author":"Karrer S","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20905"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14764172.2015.1022187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000000748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.141.10.1247"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2002.02018.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2009.2733"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14970"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-011-0903-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/147641700510037725"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2000.00085.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"S36","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of ALA\u2010IPL in treating actinic keratoses and photodamage","volume":"3","author":"Avram DK","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.00946.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"The effect of multiple sequential light sources to activate aminoleuvonic acid in the treatment of actinic keratosis: a retrospective study","volume":"7","author":"Friedmann DP","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14764172.2015.1022187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.10.1313"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2278"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9101(1999)25:1<51::AID-LSM7>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Evaluation of 585\u2010nm pulse dye laser activated photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topical aminolevulinic acid HCl 20%","volume":"15","author":"Key DJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07520.x"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.23492","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lsm.23492","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.23492","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T08:13:38Z","timestamp":1693124018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.23492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.23492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23492","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}