{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T23:22:49Z","timestamp":1767136969797,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Needleless laser lancets have been used to reduce needle pain in people who undertake self\u2010monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Although clinical trials have been conducted to understand the degree of pain associated with the developed laser blood sampling device, it is only judged by the patients\u2019 subjective judgment. This study aimed to analyze the performance and healing process of a needleless laser lancet. In particular, the penetration depth and healing process of a conventional lancet and a needleless laser lancet were quantitatively analyzed using a swept\u2010source optical coherence tomography (SS\u2010OCT) system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To reduce unnecessary animal sacrifice, pig skin was used to establish and set\u00a0the conditions for needleless laser lancets (wavelength of 2.94\u2009\u03bcm; LMT\u20105000; Lameditech), and the penetration depth and healing process were quantitatively assessed at 0, 6, 9, and 16\u2009h after laser (energy, 150\u2013270\u2009mJ in stages; voltage, 7.4\u2009V\n                      <jats:sub>dc<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; pulse width, approximately 200\u2009microsecond) irradiation using 7\u2010week\u2010old male BALB\/c nude mice. The penetration depth and healing process were measured using homemade SS\u2010OCT, and histopathological examination was performed to observe the healing process.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four 7\u2010week\u2010old male BALB\/c nude mice were tested at intensity levels of 1\u20133 using a needleless laser lancet and compared with the experimental values using a conventional lancet. After the lancet test, the diameter and depth of the puncture were measured using SS\u2010OCT and the healing process was confirmed using SS\u2010OCT and pathological slides. The puncture diameter of the needleless laser lancet was about 0.5\u2009mm regardless of the level. In addition, the average depths at Levels 1, 2, and 3 of the measured needleless laser lancet were approximately 1.05, 1.18, and 1.52\u2009mm, respectively, and the last common lancet was approximately 0.9\u2009mm. In addition, the healing process of the needleless laser lancet and conventional lancet was confirmed through the SS\u2010OCT system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After using the needleless laser lancet, quantitative indicators such as the diameter of puncture, penetration depth, and healing process were confirmed through two\u2010dimensional\u00a0and three\u2010dimensional images of the homemade SS\u2010OCT system and microscopic imaging of pathological slides.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T08:25:25Z","timestamp":1667377525000},"page":"1278-1287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysis of penetration depth and healing process of a needleless laser lancet using swept\u2010source optical coherence tomography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Do Hyun","family":"Mun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Dankook University College of Medicine  Cheonan Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phil\u2010Sang","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck surgery Dankook University College of Medicine  Cheonan Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7560-1140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Hoon","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck surgery Dankook University College of Medicine  Cheonan Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5133-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joo Beom","family":"Eom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Dankook University College of Medicine  Cheonan Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681000400225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-S012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681100500420"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.1.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23298"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/cmed.s3775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680900300208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMLD2018.0146"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ojbsci.2008.15.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-16638-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1957169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.23.7.076008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/opex.13.010652"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985811402846"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12346"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2010.07569.x"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23826","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720483200000}}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.23616","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lsm.23616","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.23616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T11:36:18Z","timestamp":1692531378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.23616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.23616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.23616","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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