{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:21:47Z","timestamp":1783948907960,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case series reports the use of the 730\u2010nm picosecond titanium\u2010sapphire laser in the treatment of kratom\u2010induced hyperpigmentation, a dermatological side effect associated with the use of <jats:italic>Mitragyna speciosa<\/jats:italic>, which remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A series of patients with kratom\u2010induced hyperpigmentation were treated using the 730\u2010nm picosecond titanium\u2010sapphire laser. Treatment outcomes were documented by assessing the degree of pigmentation improvement and noting the occurrence of any adverse effects or recurrence of hyperpigmentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients showed significant improvement in the appearance of hyperpigmentation following treatment. No adverse effects or recurrence of hyperpigmentation were observed during the follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case series represents the first documented use of the 730\u2010nm picosecond titanium\u2010sapphire laser for treating kratom\u2010induced hyperpigmentation. The laser's precision and minimal tissue disruption suggest it as a promising treatment option for this challenging dermatological side effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.70019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T11:49:35Z","timestamp":1745408975000},"page":"373-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The 730\u2009nm Picosecond Titanium Sapphire Laser for Treatment of Kratom\u2010Induced Hyperpigmentation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5211-2843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alanoud A.","family":"Alhadyani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Laser, &amp; Vein Specialists of the Carolinas Charlotte North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christen","family":"Samaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University Department of Dermatology Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girish S.","family":"Munavalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Laser, &amp; Vein Specialists of the Carolinas Charlotte North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Wake Forest University Winston Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18178897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2022.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12788\/cutis.1100"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Photodistributed Hyperpigmentation in a Chronic Kratom User","volume":"2","author":"Suleman S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Clinical and Medical Case Reports Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S164261"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2021.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.32.002447"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23237"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.70019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T12:52:40Z","timestamp":1749646360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.70019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.70019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.70019","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}