{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:06:20Z","timestamp":1783728380972,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004912","name":"Sichuan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21H0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H0103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lasers Surg Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vulvar lichen simplex chronicus (VLSC) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that remains difficult to manage long term. Fractional CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      laser (FxCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) combined with topical corticosteroids (TCs) has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy; however, high\u2010quality long\u2010term evidence remains limited.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the long\u2010term efficacy and safety of FxCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      combined with TC in patients with VLSC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective single\u2010center study included 172 patients with biopsy\u2010confirmed VLSC treated between 2016 and 2024. All patients received at least one FxCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009+\u2009TC treatment session. Primary outcomes included pruritus improvement, recurrence, and subjective symptom relief. Secondary outcomes assessed patient satisfaction, treatment adherence, and adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      FxCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      combined with TC treatment was effective, achieving an initial pruritus improvement rate of 90.12% (155\/172). Subjective symptom improvement was reported by 91.86% (158\/172) of patients, and patient satisfaction was 88.95% (153\/172). Among those who improved, 50.58% (80\/155) achieved improvement after 3 treatments, and the median duration of improvement was 18.0 months (range, 12\u201354 months). The recurrence rate was 14.84% (23\/155), with a median time to recurrence of 36.0 months (range, 12\u201360 months). Adverse events occurred in 15.70% (27\/172) of patients, with dryness being the most common (6.40%, 11\/172). No clinical signs of deterioration or atypical progression were noted throughout the follow\u2010up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      FxCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      combined with TC treatment is effective and well tolerated in women with VLSC, providing long\u2010term symptom relief with low recurrence and acceptable safety. This combined approach may represent a promising therapeutic option for managing intense pruritus associated with VLSC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.70099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:59:43Z","timestamp":1772989183000},"page":"294-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fractional CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Laser Combined With Topical Corticosteroids for Vulvar Lichen Simplex Chronicus: An Observational Study From an 8\u2010Year Single\u2010Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6922-0296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongmei","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Chengdu Second People's Hospital Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1326-1459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yajing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3182494e8c"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-03775-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003944"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.0643"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.20083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23931"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000003646"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2154-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-014-1677-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.08.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abn4819"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"CO2 Fractional Resurfacing Combined With Air Cooling: Histologic Investigation and Optimal Parameters Determination","volume":"39","author":"Levy J. L.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med 2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-23-677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000004809"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.70099","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/lsm.70099","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/lsm.70099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T07:26:23Z","timestamp":1780989983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lsm.70099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/lsm.70099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.70099","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-8092","1096-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-8092","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}