{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T14:10:46Z","timestamp":1784815846642,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":3652,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n                                 <jats:bold>Chagas' disease is an endemic zoonosis of South America caused by a protozoan parasite<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    Trypanosoma cruzi.\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>About 30% of infected people develop the disease. This disease is known to reactivate in immunocompromised hosts, such as patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, leukemia, and transplantation. There is some experience with transplantation of infected renal grafts into negative recipients, resulting in an index of transmission of 35%. No cases have been reported involving other organ transplants up to 2002, when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 3 cases of Chagas' disease transmission to 3 recipients (liver, kidney, and pancreas-kidney) from a single chagas infected donor. Here we report on a case of orthotopic liver transplant from a chagas infected donor into a negative recipient in clinical emergency status. The recipient was monitored by direct parasitological Strout method and serological tests with detection of transmission on the 84th day by both studies, without clinical signs. The patient was put on benznidazole with rapid clearance of the parasitemia. However, we propose that chagas infected donors may be accepted for liver transplant recipients only in emergency status.<\/jats:bold>\n                              <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,25]],"date-time":"2005-08-25T17:48:42Z","timestamp":1124992122000},"page":"1112-1116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Transmission of T. Cruzi Infection Via Liver Transplantation to a Nonreactive Recipient for Chagas' Disease"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Barc\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concepci\u00f3n","family":"Luna\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Clara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Sinagra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Valledor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"De Rissio\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Gadano\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam Mart\u00edn","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"de Santiba\u00f1es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelina","family":"Riarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl","key":"R4-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761999000700010","article-title":"Prevention of transfusional Trypanosoma cruzi in Latin America.","author":"Schmunis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R5-16-20250124","first-page":"138","article-title":"Control of congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in Argentina.","author":"Blanco","year":"1999","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)"},{"key":"R6-16-20250124","first-page":"746","article-title":"Transmission of Chagas disease through cadaveric renal transplantation.","volume":"563","author":"Lopes de Faria","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R7-16-20250124","first-page":"22","article-title":"Da Luz H, Aluisio Viera J. Doadores cadaveres com sorologia positiva para doenca de Chagas o devem ser utilizados como fonte de orgaos para transplante renal? Trasplantes.","volume":"2","author":"Deboni","year":"1996","journal-title":"Publicacion Cientifica Oficial de la Sociedad Argentina de Trasplantes"},{"key":"R8-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1086\/598634","article-title":"Chagas disease in patients with kidney transplants: 7 years of experience 1989-1996.","volume":"29","author":"Riarte","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R9-16-20250124","first-page":"60","article-title":"El Xenodiagnostico, normalizacion, utilidad. Publicacion del Ministerio de Bienestar Social. Secretaria de Estado de Salud Publica.","volume":"50-","author":"Cerisola","year":"1974","journal-title":"Buenos Aires"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"R10-16-20250124","first-page":"295","article-title":"Changes in the hemoculture methodology improve the test positivity.","author":"Profeta Luz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"R11-16-20250124","first-page":"1878","article-title":"Renal transplantation in patients with Chagas disease: A long term follow-up.","volume":"24","author":"Luders","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R12-16-20250124","first-page":"3089","article-title":"Chagas disease and kidney transplantation Follow-up of nine patients for 11 Years.","volume":"24","author":"Lopez Blanco","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R13-16-20250124","first-page":"3259","article-title":"Chagas disease can be transmitted through kidney transplantation.","volume":"25","author":"Vazquez","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R14-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3062.1999.010207.x","article-title":"Reactivation of chronic Chagas disease following allogenic bone marrow transplantation and successful preemptive therapy with benznidazole.","volume":"1","author":"Altclas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"R15-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701107","article-title":"Recipients and donors of bone marrow transplants affected by Chagas disease management: Preemptive therapy of parasitemia.","volume":"21","author":"Dictar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"R16-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/14.2.594","article-title":"Acute Chagas disease in a recipient of bone marrow transplantation in Spain.","volume":"14","author":"Villalba","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R17-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(95)00726-2","article-title":"Heart transplantation for Chagas cardiomyopathy.","volume":"60","author":"Blanche","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"R18-16-20250124","first-page":"988","article-title":"Chagas disease reactivation after heart transplantation: Efficacy of allopurinol treatment.","volume":"15","author":"Rodrigues Almeida","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"R19-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.8.1815","article-title":"Heart transplantation in Chagas disease. 10 years after the initial experience.","volume":"94","author":"Carvalho","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R20-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(96)00141-5","article-title":"Heart transplantation for chronic Chagas disease.","volume":"61","author":"Bocchi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"R21-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90383-P","article-title":"Transmission of Chagas disease through renal transplantation: Report of a case.","volume":"84","author":"Figueiredo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Top Med Hyg"},{"key":"R22-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651993000500013","article-title":"Transmission of Chagas disease through kidney transplant: occurrence of the acute form of the disease in two patients from the same donor.","volume":"35","author":"Ferraz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"R23-16-20250124","first-page":"1900","article-title":"Renal transplantation and Chagas disease.","volume":"24","author":"de Arteaga","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R24-16-20250124","first-page":"510","article-title":"Polyacrylonitrile membrane interposition between a xenograft and a patient in fulminant liver failure: The concept of xenohemodiafiltration in clinical practice.","volume":"46505-","author":"Argibay","year":"2000","journal-title":"ASAIO J"},{"key":"R25-16-20250124","first-page":"399","article-title":"Higher incidence of malignant neoplasm after heart transplantation for treatment of chronic Chagas disease.","volume":"17","author":"Bocchi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"R26-16-20250124","first-page":"210","article-title":"States, 2001.","volume":"51","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R27-16-20250124","first-page":"280","article-title":"Kidney transplantation: A new way of transmitting chagas disease.","volume":"6","author":"Chocair","year":"1981","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"R28-16-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2003.09.027","article-title":"Using polymerase chain reaction in early diagnosis of re-activated trypanosoma cruzi infection after heart transplantation.","volume":"23","author":"Maldonado","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"}],"container-title":["Liver 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