{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:46:26Z","timestamp":1761630386902,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":3622,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"\n \n Abstract\n <\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n In 2004, four recipients of kidneys, a liver, and an arterial segment from a common organ donor died of encephalitis of an unknown cause.<\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We reviewed the medical records of the organ donor and the recipients. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissues from the recipients were tested with a variety of assays and pathological stains for numerous causes of encephalitis. Samples from the recipients were also inoculated into mice.<\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The organ donor had been healthy before having a subarachnoid hemorrhage that led to his death. Encephalitis developed in all four recipients within 30 days after transplantation and was accompanied by rapid neurologic deterioration characterized by agitated delirium, seizures, respiratory failure, and coma. They died an average of 13 days after the onset of neurologic symptoms. Mice inoculated with samples from the affected patients became ill seven to eight days later, and electron microscopy of central nervous system (CNS) tissue demonstrated rhabdovirus particles. Rabies-specific immunohistochemical and direct fluorescence antibody staining demonstrated rabies virus in multiple tissues from all recipients. Cytoplasmic inclusions consistent with Negri bodies were seen in CNS tissue from all recipients. Antibodies against rabies virus were present in three of the four recipients and the donor. The donor had told others of being bitten by a bat.<\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n This report documenting the transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to multiple recipients underscores the challenges of preventing and detecting transmission of unusual pathogens through transplantation.<\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,23]],"date-time":"2005-09-23T18:47:47Z","timestamp":1127501267000},"page":"1295-1297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Transmission of Rabies Virus from an Organ Donor to Four Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shimon","family":"Kusne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerry","family":"Smilack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043018","article-title":"Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients.","volume":"352","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R2-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.6.873","article-title":"Rabies encephalomyelitis.","volume":"62","author":"Burton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R3-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043018","article-title":"Transmission of rabies from an organ donor.","volume":"352","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70047-5","article-title":"Newsdesk. Infectious disease surveillance update.","volume":"5","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050382","article-title":"Survival after treatment of rabies with induction of coma.","volume":"352","author":"Willoughby","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R7-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2004.225.1837","article-title":"Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2003.","volume":"225","author":"Krebs","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"R8-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-11-199806010-00012","article-title":"Epidemiology of human rabies in the United States, 1980 to 1996.","volume":"128","author":"Noah","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R9-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.2.764-772.1995","article-title":"Rabies virus replication in primary murine bone marrow macrophages and in human and murine macrophage-like cell lines: Implications for viral persistence.","volume":"69","author":"Ray","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"R10-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101243240401","article-title":"Unexplained rabies in three immigrants in the United States.","volume":"324","author":"Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R11-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5653","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.11.5653","article-title":"Characterization of a unique variant of bat rabies virus responsible for newly emerging human cases in North America.","volume":"93","author":"Morimoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R12-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197903153001105","article-title":"Human-to-human transmission of rabies virus by corneal transplant.","volume":"300","author":"Hough","year":"1979","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R13-25-20250124","first-page":"615","article-title":"Update: Investigation of rabies infections in organ donor and transplant recipientsAlabama, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, 2004.","volume":"53","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R14-25-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1041156","article-title":"Rabies after solid organ transplantation.","volume":"171","author":"Misak","year":"2004","journal-title":"CMAJ"}],"container-title":["Liver Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flt.20580","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01445473-200510000-00025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T16:04:21Z","timestamp":1737734661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01445473-200510000-00025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.20580","relation":{},"ISSN":["1527-6465"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1527-6465"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]}}}