{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:19:21Z","timestamp":1772252361624,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":2984,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Liver allograft cirrhosis is a relatively uncommon complication of liver transplantation. Most cases can be attributed to disease recurrence, particularly recurrent hepatitis C. Little is known about the frequency, etiology, and natural history of liver allograft cirrhosis occurring without evidence of recurrent disease. The aim of the present study was to review the clinicopathological features in this group of patients. We retrospectively reviewed data from all adult patients who were transplanted between 1982 and 2002 and survived &gt;12 months after orthotopic liver transplantation (n = 1,287). Cases of histologically proven cirrhosis were identified from histopathological data entered into the Liver Unit Database. A total of 48 patients (3.7%) developed cirrhosis. In 29 of them, cirrhosis could be attributed to recurrent disease (hepatitis C, 11; hepatitis B, 4; autoimmune hepatitis, 4; primary biliary cirrhosis, 2; primary sclerosing cholangitis, 3; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, 4; alcoholic liver disease, 1). In 9 of the 19 patients without evidence of disease recurrence, another cause of cirrhosis could be identified (de novo autoimmune hepatitis, 4; biliary complications, 4; acquired hepatitis B, 1). In the remaining 10 cases, the cause of cirrhosis remained unknown; their previous biopsies had shown features of chronic hepatitis of uncertain etiology. Three patients in this group died, and the remaining 7 are alive with good graft function 3\u201312 years after cirrhosis was first diagnosed. The prevalence of \u201ccryptogenic\u201d posttransplant cirrhosis was significantly higher in patients initially transplanted for fulminant seronegative hepatitis (6%) than in those transplanted for other diseases (0.3%). In conclusion, posttransplant cirrhosis without disease recurrence is uncommon, but it is more frequent in patients transplanted for fulminant seronegative hepatitis. Chronic hepatitis is the most frequent underlying pathological process in cases where the cause of cirrhosis remains uncertain. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Liver Transpl, 2007.<\/jats:italic> \u00a9 2007 AASLD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,17]],"date-time":"2007-03-17T02:02:46Z","timestamp":1174096966000},"page":"966-974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Cirrhosis After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the Absence of Primary Disease Recurrence"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Moataz","family":"Seyam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Neuberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bridget K.","family":"Gunson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan G.","family":"H\u00fcbscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80426-2","article-title":"Liver transplantation.","volume":"32","author":"Neuberger","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"R2-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20603","article-title":"Chronic allograft dysfunction: diagnosis and management. Is it always progressive?","volume":"11","author":"Neuberger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R3-7-20250124","first-page":"174","article-title":"Retransplantation for late liver graft failure: predictors of mortality.","volume":"6","author":"Facciuto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R4-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.31746","article-title":"Retransplantation for hepatic allograft failure: prognostic modeling and ethical considerations.","volume":"8","author":"Biggins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R5-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(99)90298-8","article-title":"Fibrosiscirrhosis after orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"30","author":"Tabatabai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R6-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80231-7","article-title":"HCVrelated fibrosis progression following liver transplantation: increase in recent years.","volume":"32","author":"Berenguer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R7-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500090516","article-title":"The impact of advancing donor age on histologic recurrence of hepatitis C infection: the perils of ignored maternal advice.","volume":"9","author":"Charlton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"R8-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S87","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.28519","article-title":"Hepatitis B and C in the liver transplant recipient: current understanding and treatment.","volume":"7","author":"Rosen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R9-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130402","article-title":"Orthotopic liver transplantation for patients with hepatitis B virusrelated liver disease.","volume":"13","author":"Todo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R10-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92515-4","article-title":"Passive immunoprophylaxis after liver transplantation in HBsAgpositive patients.","volume":"337","author":"Samuel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R11-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80244-2","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis. Histological evidence of disease recurrence after liver transplantation.","volume":"18","author":"Hubscher","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R12-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.20894","article-title":"Transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis: retrospective analysis of 400 patients in a single center.","volume":"33","author":"Liermann Garcia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R13-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840200214","article-title":"Fibrous and obliterative cholangitis in liver allografts: evidence of recurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis?","volume":"20","author":"Harrison","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R14-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300501","article-title":"Longterm results of patients undergoing liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis.","volume":"30","author":"Graziadei","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R15-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2003.09.017","article-title":"Liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis.","volume":"35","author":"Solano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R16-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.23085","article-title":"Recurrent autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation: diagnostic criteria, risk factors, and outcome.","volume":"7","author":"Hubscher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R17-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00088-6","article-title":"Alcohol relapse after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: does it matter?","volume":"38","author":"Pageaux","year":"2003","journal-title":"J 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transplantation in adults.","volume":"34","author":"Heneghan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R25-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2003.10.022","article-title":"De novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"40","author":"MieliVergani","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R26-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00432.x","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"4","author":"Burke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R27-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199501000-00010","article-title":"Sclerosing cholangitis following human orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"19","author":"Sebagh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Surg 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recurrence.","volume":"37","author":"Nakhleh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R39-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2004.05.058","article-title":"De novo cryptogenic hepatitis after sustained eradication of hepatitis C following liver transplantation.","volume":"36","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R40-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21152","article-title":"Progressive histological damage in liver allografts following pediatric liver transplantation.","volume":"43","author":"Evans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R41-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mot.0000227847.59947.8d","article-title":"Recurrent and denovo disease in the liver allograft.","volume":"11","author":"Hubscher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Organ 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An analysis of the use of biopsy in determining outcome of rejection.","volume":"11","author":"Snover","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R44-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199501150-00008","article-title":"Importance of concomitant viral infection during late acute liver allograft rejection.","volume":"59","author":"Cakaloglu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R45-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250435","article-title":"Posttransplantation chronic hepatitis in fulminant hepatic failure.","volume":"25","author":"Mohamed","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R46-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00283-6","article-title":"Liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis: indications and risk of recurrence.","volume":"39","author":"Neuberger","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R47-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199907270-00016","article-title":"Recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"68","author":"Milkiewicz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R48-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290427","article-title":"Recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis following liver transplantation.","volume":"29","author":"Graziadei","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"R49-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2003.50268","article-title":"Report of the first International Liver Transplantation Society expert panel consensus conference on liver transplantation and hepatitis C.","volume":"9","author":"Wiesner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"R50-7-20250124","first-page":"S74","article-title":"Roche, B., Samuel, D. 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Alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.","volume":"6","author":"Brunt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"R52-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)06478-7","article-title":"Denovo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"351","author":"Kerkar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R53-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200103150-00016","article-title":"De novo hepatitis with autoimmune antibodies and atypical histology: a rare cause of late graft dysfunction after pediatric liver transplantation.","volume":"71","author":"Gupta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R54-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.33485","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation and other lessons of selfintolerance.","volume":"8","author":"Czaja","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R55-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(02)00020-X","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis in children.","volume":"6","author":"MieliVergani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"R56-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300103","article-title":"Development of autoimmune hepatitis following liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis.","volume":"30","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R57-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.31167","article-title":"Response to steroids in de novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation.","volume":"35","author":"Salcedo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R58-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2000.106687","article-title":"Endoscopic management of postoperative biliary complications in orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"52","author":"Pfau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"R59-7-20250124","first-page":"24","article-title":"Biliary complications in liver transplantation.","volume":"6","author":"Nemec","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"R60-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02088217","article-title":"Endoscopic diagnosis and management of biliary complications following orthotopic liver transplantation.","volume":"41","author":"Gholson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"R61-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.7.1013","article-title":"NonA, nonB fulminant hepatic failure.","volume":"161","author":"Gow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R62-7-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.3.388","article-title":"Fulminant nonAG viral hepatitis leading to liver transplantation.","volume":"160","author":"Ben Ari","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Liver Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flt.21060","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01445473-200707000-00007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T16:20:36Z","timestamp":1737735636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01445473-200707000-00007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.21060","relation":{},"ISSN":["1527-6465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1527-6465","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]}}}