{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T22:05:39Z","timestamp":1744149939770,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":3134,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Previous studies have shown that postoperative infection is highest in transplant recipients with preexisting high levels of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). To study this phenomenon, 106 adult liver transplant recipients were divided into 3 groups, based on hierarchical clustering of the CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD45 isoform fractions prior to living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Group I had the highest naive T-cell levels (subset CD45RO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CCR7<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), Group II had the highest effector\/memory (EM) T-cell levels (subset CD45RO<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CCR7<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>), and Group III had the highest effector T-cell levels (subset CD45RO<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CCR7<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>). In Group I, CTLs upregulated in response to invading pathogens much earlier and more rapidly than the other groups; this response was associated with CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell help, downregulation of CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> subsets, and upregulation of interferon-gamma and perforin expression. In contrast, in Groups II and III, CTLs upregulated slowly following persistent viral infection and did not respond efficiently to acute infection. In addition, Group II's cytolytic responses were due mainly to upregulation of the CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> EM T-cell fraction, whereas Group III's cytolytic responses were attributable to upregulation of effector T cells. The prevalence of EM or effector T cells was dependent on differentiation of the CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> phenotype before LDLT. In conclusion, in most infected transplant recipients who died, generation of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CTLs had been suppressed without associated CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell help. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Liver Transpl 13:287\u2013293, 2007.<\/jats:italic> \u00a9 2007 AASLD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,27]],"date-time":"2007-01-27T00:21:21Z","timestamp":1169857281000},"page":"287-293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cytotoxic T-Cell-Mediated Defense Against Infections in Human Liver Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Koichi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Uemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroto","family":"Egawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasutsugu","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazue","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Teramukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mureo","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masako","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Takai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayo","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60022-6","article-title":"Hepatic allograft rejection: new developments in terminology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.","volume":"68","author":"Wiesner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"R2-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20705","article-title":"Classification of human liver transplant recipients by the preoperative CD8 T cell subpopulation and its relation to outcome.","volume":"12","author":"Tanaka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R3-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nri820","article-title":"No one is naive: the significance of heterologous Tcell immunity.","volume":"2","author":"Welsh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R4-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200317477","article-title":"Heterologous immunity provides a potent barrier to transplantation tolerance.","volume":"111","author":"Adams","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R5-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.5.2867","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative requirements for CD4 T cellmediated antiviral protection.","volume":"162","author":"Maloy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R6-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.4.1199","article-title":"Siterestricted persistent cytomegalovirus infection after selective longterm depletion of CD4 T lymphocytes.","volume":"169","author":"Jonjic","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R7-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.12.2199","article-title":"The critical need for CD4 help in maintaining effective cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses.","volume":"188","author":"Kalams","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R8-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/44385","article-title":"Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions.","volume":"401","author":"Sallusto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R9-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4260","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-11-3577","article-title":"Proliferation and differentiation potential of human CD8 memory Tcell subsets in response to antigen or homeostatic cytokines.","volume":"101","author":"Geginat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R10-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1001","article-title":"Interleukin12 and the regulation of innate resistance and adaptive immunity.","volume":"3","author":"Trinchieri","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R11-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.1.128","article-title":"Expression cloning of a human IL12 receptor component. A new member of the cytokine receptor superfamily with strong homology to gp130.","volume":"153","author":"Chua","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R12-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14002","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.24.14002","article-title":"A functional interleukin 12 receptor complex is composed of two betatype cytokine receptor subunits.","volume":"93","author":"Presky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R13-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0402-379","article-title":"Memory CD8 T cells vary in differentiation phenotype in different persistent virus infections.","volume":"8","author":"Appay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R14-20-20250124","first-page":"489","article-title":"Liver biopsy interpretation for causes of late liver allograft dysfunction.","volume":"44","author":"Banff Working Group; Demetris","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R15-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(94)90080-9","article-title":"Infectious complications in living related liver transplantation.","volume":"29","author":"Uemoto","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R16-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199107000-00024","article-title":"Lets agree on terminology: definitions of sepsis.","volume":"19","author":"Bone","year":"1991","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R17-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119338","article-title":"Determination of antigenspecific memoryeffector CD4 T cell frequencies by flow cytometry: evidence for a novel, antigenspecific homeostatic mechanism in HIVassociated immunodeficiency.","volume":"99","author":"Waldrop","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R19-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.6.2489","article-title":"Reduction of otherwise remarkably stable virusspecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte memory by heterologous viral infections.","volume":"183","author":"Selin","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R20-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072615","article-title":"A role for CD40 expression on CD8 T cells in the generation of CD8 T cell memory.","volume":"297","author":"Bourgeois","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R21-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1038\/31002","article-title":"Tcell help for cytotoxic T lymphocytes is mediated by CD40CD40L interactions.","volume":"393","author":"Schoenberger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R22-20-20250124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.00759.x","article-title":"Immunocompetent Tcells with a memorylike phenotype are the dominant cell type following antibodymediated Tcell depletion.","volume":"5","author":"Pearl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"}],"container-title":["Liver Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Flt.21065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01445473-200702000-00020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T16:21:00Z","timestamp":1737735660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01445473-200702000-00020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.21065","relation":{},"ISSN":["1527-6465"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1527-6465"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}