{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T03:14:29Z","timestamp":1791688469425,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]],"date-time":"2009-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Autoimmune hepatitis has been reported to recur after liver transplantation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis. Forty-six patients that underwent liver transplantation because of end-stage liver disease secondary to autoimmune hepatitis were studied. Recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis was diagnosed in 11 of the 46 (24%) patients, and the overall 5-year probability of recurrence was 18%. By univariate Cox analysis, the features before liver transplantation associated with a higher risk of recurrence were concomitant autoimmune disease [hazard ratio (HR), 3.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05\u201313.36; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04], high aspartate aminotransferase (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03\u20131.14; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), high alanine aminotransferase (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03\u20131.20; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), and high immunoglobulin G (IgG; HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11\u20131.41; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0003). Moreover, patients with recurrence had a higher frequency of moderate to severe inflammatory activity (HR, 5.3; 95% CI, 1.55\u201318.79; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.008) and plasma cell infiltration in the liver explant (HR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.52\u201322.43; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). In the multivariate Cox analysis, only the presence of moderate to severe inflammation (HR, 6.9; 95% CI, 1.76\u201326.96; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006) and high IgG levels before liver transplantation (HR, 7.5; 95% CI, 1.45\u201338.45; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02) were independently associated with the risk of autoimmune hepatitis recurrence. In conclusion, patients with concomitant autoimmune disease, high aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and IgG before the transplant, or moderate to severe inflammatory activity or plasma cell infiltration in the liver explant have a higher risk of recurrent disease. These findings suggest that recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis may reflect incomplete suppression of disease activity prior to liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 15:1254\u20131261, 2009. \u00a9 2009 AASLD.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]],"date-time":"2009-09-29T13:54:22Z","timestamp":1254232462000},"page":"1254-1261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Risk factors for recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Aldo J.","family":"Montano-Loza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew L.","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravin J.","family":"Bastiampillai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent G.","family":"Bain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puneeta","family":"Tandon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050408","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis.","volume":"354","author":"Krawitt","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R2-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.34944","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.","volume":"36","author":"Czaja","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R3-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.16666","article-title":"Liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis.","volume":"32","author":"Reich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R4-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3388","article-title":"Transplantation in autoimmune liver diseases.","volume":"14","author":"Mottershead","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R5-17-20250326","first-page":"329","article-title":"An analysis of the OPTNUNOS Liver Transplant Registry.","volume":"315-","author":"Futagawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Transpl"},{"key":"R6-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.32981","article-title":"Incidence and recurrence of autoimmunealloimmune hepatitis in liver transplant recipients.","volume":"8","author":"Molmenti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R7-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.6.893","article-title":"A 10 year follow up study of patients transplanted for autoimmune hepatitis: histological recurrence precedes clinical and biochemical recurrence.","volume":"52","author":"DuclosVallee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R8-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(03)00591-8","article-title":"Liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis: fulminant versus chronic hepatitis presentation.","volume":"35","author":"NunezMartinez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R9-17-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22322","article-title":", for the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. 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