{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T08:48:07Z","timestamp":1778921287786,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":2038,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Whether pretransplant nonviral infections influence outcomes after transplantation in liver transplant recipients in the current era is not well defined. One hundred consecutive patients undergoing liver transplantation in 2005-2008 were studied. Demographics, posttransplant clinical events, and mortality were compared between recipients with and without infections within 12 months before transplantation. In all, 32% of the patients (32\/100) developed 45 episodes of pretransplant infections, which included spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (35.6%), bloodstream infections (28.9%), cellulitis (13.3%), pneumonia (8.9%), urinary tract infections (6.7%), and other infections (6.7%). Compared with 68 recipients without pretransplant infections, those with infections had a higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and a lower likelihood of transplantation from home and required longer and more frequent hospital care before and after transplantation (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Mortality at 90 (9.4% versus 2.9%) and 180 days (15.6% versus 10.3%) post-transplant did not differ significantly between recipients with and without pretransplant infections (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> = not significant). A higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and posttransplant infections (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), but not pretransplant infections, were associated with posttransplant mortality at 90 and 180 days. In conclusion, pretransplant infections that have been adequately treated do not pose a significant risk for poor outcomes, including posttransplant mortality.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,26]],"date-time":"2010-01-26T16:02:24Z","timestamp":1264521744000},"page":"222-228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Impact of pretransplant infections on clinical outcomes of liver transplant recipients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hsin-Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas V.","family":"Cacciarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"pt 2","key":"R2-14-20250326","first-page":"907931","article-title":"Liver and intestine transplantation in the United States 19982007.","volume":"9","author":"Berg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R3-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10161020","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.3.1016","article-title":"Cirrhosis as a risk factor for sepsis and death: analysis of the National Hospital Discharge Survey.","volume":"124","author":"Foreman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R4-14-20250326","first-page":"29542958","article-title":"The molecular basis of susceptibility to infection in liver cirrhosis.","volume":"14","author":"ChavezTapia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"R5-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040319","article-title":"Bacterial infections, sepsis, and multiorgan failure in cirrhosis.","volume":"28","author":"Tandon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"R6-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140148","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30082","article-title":"Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: epidemiological changes with invasive procedures and norfloxacin prophylaxis.","volume":"35","author":"Fernandez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R7-14-20250326","first-page":"522527","article-title":"Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a historical perspective.","volume":"41","author":"GarciaTsao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R8-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080107","article-title":"Recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: frequency and predictive factors.","volume":"8","author":"Tito","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R9-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128140","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3","article-title":"CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988.","volume":"16","author":"Garner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"R10-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844849","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20214","article-title":"Bacteremias in liver transplant recipients: shift toward gramnegative bacteria as predominant pathogens.","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R11-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(96)80147-4","article-title":"Recurrent hepatitis C virus hepatitis in liver transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus: association with rejection and increased immunosuppression after transplantation.","volume":"119","author":"Singh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"R12-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282284","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-4-282","article-title":"Hepatitis C in patients undergoing liver transplantation.","volume":"114","author":"Read","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R13-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2226","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.20769","article-title":"Evolving trends in multipleantibioticresistant bacteria in liver transplant recipients: a longitudinal study of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R14-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8590","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000146844.65273.62","article-title":"Efficacy of valganciclovir administered as preemptive therapy for cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients: impact on viral load and lateonset cytomegalovirus disease.","volume":"79","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R15-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240244","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21362","article-title":"Valganciclovir as preemptive therapy for cytomegalovirus in cytomegalovirusseronegative liver transplant recipients of cytomegalovirusseropositive donor allografts.","volume":"14","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R16-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531537","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2003.00691.x","article-title":"Changing epidemiology and predictors of mortality in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis at a liver transplant unit.","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"R17-14-20250326","first-page":"563571","article-title":"Effect of nonviral factors on hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation.","volume":"244","author":"Cameron","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"R18-14-20250326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512525","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21396","article-title":"Steroid avoidance in liver transplantation: metaanalysis and metaregression of randomized trials.","volume":"14","author":"Segev","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"pt 2","key":"R19-14-20250326","first-page":"11131115","article-title":"Early outcome of liver transplantation in patients with a history of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.","volume":"25","author":"Ukah","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R20-14-20250326","first-page":"15841588","article-title":"Liver transplantation after an acute episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.","volume":"43","author":"Van Thiel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Liver 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