{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:49:55Z","timestamp":1788306595756,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver Transpl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Image evaluation of the vascular architecture is essential before living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). However, the use of contrast\u2010enhanced study in recipients with impaired renal function is limited due to the risk of acute kidney injury and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Therefore, a contrast medium\u2013free method is both valuable and necessary for preoperative vascular evaluation. Recent literature reported inflow\u2010sensitive inversion recovery (IFIR) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) without the use of a contrast medium to be a reproducible and noninvasive tool to assess hepatic vasculature with adequate\u2010to\u2010good image quality. The purpose of this study is to clinically apply IFIR MRA preoperatively in LDLT recipients. We retrospectively reviewed 31 LDLT recipients with renal function impairment from March 2013 to August 2018 who received IFIR MRA as a pretransplant vascular architecture evaluation and who underwent a subsequent LDLT. The image findings were assessed for subjective image quality and were compared with intraoperative findings. Our results showed that the pretransplant vascular anatomy was well correlated with intraoperative findings in all recipients. Successful ratings with image quality scores \u22652 for proper hepatic arteries (PHAs), portal veins, and inferior vena cavas (IVCs) were 100.0%, 96.8%, and 93.5%, respectively. Readable ratings with imaging quality score \u22651 for left and right hepatic arteries and gastroepiploic arteries were 83.9%, 96.7%, and 22.6%, respectively. We also found that recipients with higher Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease scores (&gt;23) had lower image quality scores for PHAs (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and IVCs (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= 0.046). However, images were still satisfactory for pre\u2013liver transplantation (LT) vascular evaluation. In conclusion, in pre\u2010LT recipients with impaired renal function, IFIR MRA is a feasible and reproducible image modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T22:10:55Z","timestamp":1573596655000},"page":"196-202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Noncontrast Magnetic Resonance Angiography Clinical Application in Pre\u2013Liver Transplant Recipients With Impaired Renal Function"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1545-6321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po\u2010Hsun","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Chang","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng\u2010Hsiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tung\u2010Liang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao\u2010Long","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplantation Center,Department of Surgery,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010You","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Fan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,Chang Gung University College of Medicine,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"lt25677-bib-0001-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.314105197","article-title":"Imaging of preoperative liver transplantation in adults: what radiologists should know","volume":"31","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0002-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v6.i9.693","article-title":"Expectations from imaging for pre\u2010transplant evaluation of living donor liver transplantation","volume":"6","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Radiol"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0003-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5976","article-title":"Risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in liver transplantation patients","volume":"197","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0004-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24118","article-title":"Renal safety of intravenous gadolinium\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients awaiting liver transplantation","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0005-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24650","article-title":"Risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is low in patients with chronic liver disease exposed to gadolinium\u2010based contrast agents","volume":"41","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0006-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-014-9580-2","article-title":"Acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure: consensus recommendations of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) 2014","volume":"8","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0007-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.04.048","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure: where does hepatorenal syndrome fit?","volume":"92","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0008-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2007.12.010","article-title":"Non\u2010contrast\u2010enhanced hepatic MR angiography with true steady\u2010state free\u2010precession and time spatial labeling inversion pulse: optimization of the technique and preliminary results","volume":"70","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0009-20240115","first-page":"670","article-title":"Non\u2010contrast\u2010Enhanced MR angiography for selective evaluation of the hepatic portal vein","volume":"28","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0010-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e31826999df","article-title":"Non\u2010contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance angiography using T2\u2010weighted 3\u2010dimensional fat\u2010suppressed turbo spin echo (SPACE): diagnostic performance and comparison with contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance angiography using volume interpolated breath\u2010hold examination in the detection of portosystemic and portohepatic collaterals","volume":"36","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0011-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2012.12.001","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of a non\u2010contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging protocol for potential living related kidney donors","volume":"20","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0012-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2013.11.043","article-title":"Magnetic resonance angiographic inflow\u2010sensitive inversion recovery technique for vascular evaluation before liver transplantation","volume":"46","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0013-20240115","article-title":"Non\u2010contrast enhanced MR angiography (NCE\u2010MRA) of the calf: a direct comparison between flow\u2010sensitive dephasing (FSD) prepared steady\u2010state free precession (SSFP) and quiescent\u2010interval single\u2010shot (QISS) in patients with diabetes","volume":"10","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0014-20240115","article-title":"Image quality and stenosis assessment of non\u2010contrast\u2010enhanced 3\u2010T magnetic resonance angiography in patients with peripheral artery disease compared with contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and digital subtraction angiography","volume":"11","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0015-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2015.12.083","article-title":"Noncontrast magnetic resonance angiography using inflow sensitive inversion recovery technique for vascular evaluation in pre\u2010liver transplantation recipients","volume":"48","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0016-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0809139","article-title":"Renal failure in cirrhosis","volume":"361","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"lt25677-bib-0017-20240115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c179","DOI":"10.1159\/000339789","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury","volume":"120","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephron Clin 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