{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:40:17Z","timestamp":1791895217410,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver Transpl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of acute liver failure (ALF) etiology on waitlist (WL) and posttransplantation outcomes, independent of severity of illness, is incompletely characterized. All adults (n\u00a0=\u00a01691) listed for primary liver transplantation (LT) between 2002 and 2019 with ALF due to acetaminophen toxicity (APAP), drug\u2010induced liver injury (DILI), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were identified in the United Network for Organ Sharing database. ALF etiology was evaluated as an independent predictor of WL mortality and spontaneous survival (SS; versus outcome of LT), as well as post\u2010LT overall survival, graft survival, and in\u2010hospital mortality using multivariable models accounting for differences in clinical parameters at listing. Accounting for severity of illness at listing, WL mortality and SS for DILI, AIH, and HBV were each lower than those for APAP toxicity (adjusted relative risk ratio &lt;1 in all analyses with <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 for both outcomes). ALF etiology was not associated with adjusted overall survival after LT (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.09) or graft survival (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.13). Inpatient mortality rate after LT was high at 9.0%. While ALF etiology was also not associated with adjusted inpatient mortality (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.42), cause of death (COD) was different. For example, the rate of post\u2010LT brain death was 5.3% for APAP toxicity, 3.0% for other DILI, 1.1% for AIH, and 3.0% for HBV (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02). ALF etiology is an independent predictor of WL outcome, even after adjusting for severity of illness, but is not associated with post\u2010LT outcomes with the exception of COD. The majority of post\u2010LT deaths for all ALF etiologies studied occurred during the index hospital stay, suggesting a continued need for enhanced prognostic tools to ensure efficient organ utilization and ALF\u2010 and etiology\u2010specific post\u2010LT care to prevent brain death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.26187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T18:47:32Z","timestamp":1622746052000},"page":"39-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Acute Liver Failure Etiology Is an Independent Predictor of Waitlist Outcome but Not Posttransplantation Survival in a National Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Natalie Z.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. Rajender","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\/Transplant Hepatology,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8576-0193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Therese","family":"Bittermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\/Transplant Hepatology,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia,PA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics,University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"lt26187-bib-0001-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.02.010","article-title":"Lessons from look\u2010back in acute liver failure? 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