{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:53:04Z","timestamp":1793641984408,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver transplantation (LT) is a life\u2010saving treatment for patients with acute liver failure (ALF). Currently, there are few detailed data regarding long\u2010term outcomes after LT for ALF. We combined prospective data from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG) Registry with those of the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) to assess outcomes among consecutive patients with ALF listed for LT. Cohort analysis of detailed pretransplantation data for patients listed for LT for ALF in the ALFSG Registry between January 1998 and October 2018 matched with transplantation\u2010related data from the SRTR. Primary outcomes were 1\u2010 and 3\u2010year post\u2010LT patient survival. Secondary outcome was receipt of LT; independent associations with successful receipt of LT were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Of 624 patients with ALF listed for LT, 398 (64%) underwent LT, 100 (16%) died without LT, and 126 (20%) recovered spontaneously. Among LT recipients, etiologies included seronegative\/indeterminate (22%), drug\u2010induced liver injury (18%), acetaminophen overdose (APAP; 16%), and viral hepatitis (15%). The 1\u2010 and 3\u2010year post\u2010LT patient survival rates were 91% and 90%, respectively. Comparing those dying on the waiting list versus with those who received LT, the former had more severe multiorgan failure, reflected by increased vasopressor use (65% vs. 22%), mechanical ventilation (84% vs. 57%), and renal replacement therapy (57% vs. 30%; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001 for all). After adjusting for relevant covariates, age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00\u20131.04), APAP etiology (aOR 2.72, 95% CI 1.42\u20135.23), requirement for vasopressors (aOR 4.19, 95% CI 2.44\u20137.20), Grade III\/IV hepatic encephalopathy (aOR 2.47, 95% CI 1.29\u20134.72), and Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.09; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all) were independently associated with death without receipt of LT. Post\u2010LT outcomes for ALF are excellent in this cohort of very ill patients. The development of multiorgan failure while on the transplantation list and APAP ALF etiology were associated with a lower likelihood of successful receipt of LT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.26563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T11:20:58Z","timestamp":1660821658000},"page":"318-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Outcomes of patients with acute liver failure listed for liver transplantation: A multicenter prospective cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1555-1089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantine J.","family":"Karvellas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology (Liver Unit), Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Leventhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7088-9779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge L.","family":"Rakela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Durkalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4898-7778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. Rajender","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Todd","family":"Stravitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hume\u2010Lee Transplant Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Lake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"},{"name":"Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2783-5441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin R.","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00007","article-title":"Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States","volume":"137","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R2-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208937","article-title":"Acute liver failure","volume":"369","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R3-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000287592.94554.5F","article-title":"Intensive care of patients with acute liver failure: recommendations of the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group","volume":"35","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R4-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.02.010","article-title":"Lessons from look\u2010back in acute liver failure? A single centre experience of 3300 patients","volume":"59","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R5-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02243.x","article-title":"Medical and psychiatric outcomes for patients transplanted for acetaminophen\u2010induced acute liver failure: a case\u2010control study","volume":"30","year":"2010","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"R6-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.08.006","article-title":"Psychosocial and behavioral factors in acetaminophen\u2010related acute liver failure and liver injury","volume":"101","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"R7-20250824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31894-X","article-title":"Acute liver 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