{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:20:35Z","timestamp":1792203635792,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]],"date-time":"2005-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Macromolecular Bioscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Summary:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Rapid dissolution of cellulose in LiOH\/urea and NaOH\/urea aqueous solutions was studied systematically. The dissolution behavior and solubility of cellulose were evaluated by using\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C NMR, optical microscopy, wide\u2010angle X\u2010ray diffraction (WAXD), FT\u2010IR spectroscopy, DSC, and viscometry. The experiment results revealed that cellulose having viscosity\u2010average molecular weight (\n                    <jats:styled-content>\n                      $\\overline M _\\eta $\n                      <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-ueqn-1.gif\" xlink:title=\"equation image\"\/>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) of 11.4\u2009\u00d7\u2009104 and 37.2\u2009\u00d7\u2009104 could be dissolved, respectively, in 7% NaOH\/12% urea and 4.2% LiOH\/12% urea aqueous solutions pre\u2010cooled to \u221210\u2009\u00b0C within 2 min, whereas all of them could not be dissolved in KOH\/urea aqueous solution. The dissolution power of the solvent systems was in the order of LiOH\/urea\u2009&gt;\u2009NaOH\/urea\u2009\u226b\u2009KOH\/urea aqueous solution. The results from DSC and\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C NMR indicated that LiOH\/urea and NaOH\/urea aqueous solutions as non\u2010derivatizing solvents broke the intra\u2010 and inter\u2010molecular hydrogen bonding of cellulose and prevented the approach toward each other of the cellulose molecules, leading to the good dispersion of cellulose to form an actual solution.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                      <jats:caption>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                          C NMR chemical shifts of carbonyl carbon for urea in LiOH (a) and NaOH (b) of the cellulose solutions.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:caption>\n                      <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/gif\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/mgra001.gif\">\n                        <jats:alt-text>magnified image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <jats:caption>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                            C NMR chemical shifts of carbonyl carbon for urea in LiOH (a) and NaOH (b) of the cellulose solutions.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:caption>\n                      <\/jats:graphic>\n                    <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.200400222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]],"date-time":"2005-06-13T08:49:05Z","timestamp":1118652545000},"page":"539-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1009,"title":["Rapid Dissolution of Cellulose in LiOH\/Urea and NaOH\/Urea Aqueous Solutions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021013921916"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6700(01)00022-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6700(99)00011-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.1992.070451101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10601329308021256"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","unstructured":"US 4 367 191 (1983) invs.:J. 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