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Two preparation methods for the PHB oligomer are described, namely, one\u2010step ring\u2010opening polymerization of \u03b2\u2010butyrolactone and extraction from the fermented PHB polymer. An appropriate amount of the synthesized PHB oligomer shows no physiological toxicity to the skin and major organs of mice. Topological application of the synthesized PHB oligomer imparts antimicrobial ability to non\u2010antibacterial fabrics with washing resistance. The synthesized PHB oligomer offers effective sterilization and promotes wound healing in infected nude mice. Most importantly, the PHB oligomer is also reactive to drug\u2010resistant bacteria. These results suggest that the PHB oligomer is not only a great candidate for antimicrobial modification but also a promising one for biomedical applications. Finally, the antimicrobial mechanisms of the PHB oligomer are revealed, and these include disruption of biofilm and the bacterial wall\/membrane, leakage of the intracellular content, inhibition of protein activity, and change in the transmembrane potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201800432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T10:02:26Z","timestamp":1554544946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A New Antimicrobial Agent: Poly (3\u2010hydroxybutyric acid) Oligomer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Linlin","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology Institute of Textiles and Clothing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology Institute of Textiles and Clothing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology Institute of Textiles and Clothing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingxing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology Institute of Textiles and Clothing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4274-1873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology Institute of Textiles and Clothing Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Polly H. 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