{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:00:13Z","timestamp":1753869613164,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Macromolecular Bioscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Protracted postsurgical inflammation leading to postoperative complications remains a persistent problem in urethral reconstruction. Nanofibers in the form of peptide amphiphiles expressing anti\u2010inflammatory peptides (AIF\u2010PA) have positively modulated local inflammatory responses. Urethroplasty is performed to repair 5\u00a0mm ventral urethral defects with: uncoated small intestinal submucosa (SIS); SIS dip\u2010coated with AIF\u2010PA1 (anti\u2010inflammatory treatment), or SIS dip\u2010coated with AIF\u2010PA6 (control) on 12\u2010week\u2010old male Sprague Dawley rats (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= 6\/group\/timepoint). Animals are euthanized at 14 and 28 d postsurgery. Hematoxylin\u2010eosin, Masson's Trichrome, and immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies against myeloperoxidase (MPO; neutrophils), CD68, CD86, CD206 (macrophages), and proinflammatory cytokines TNF\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 are performed. Complete urethral healing occurs in 3\/6 uncoated SIS (50%), 2\/6 SIS+AIF\u2010PA6 (33.3%), and 5\/6 SIS+AIF\u2010PA1 (83.3%) animals at 14 d and all at 28 d. Application of AIF\u2010PA1 to SIS substitution urethroplasty decreases MPO<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils, CD86<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> M1 proinflammatory macrophages, TNF\u03b1, and IL\u20101\u03b2 levels while concurrently increasing levels of CD206<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> M2 proregenerative\/anti\u2010inflammatory macrophages at the anastomoses and the regenerated tissue at the wound bed (REGEN). AIF\u2010PA1 treatment enhances the healing process, contributing to earlier, complete urethral healing, and increased angiogenesis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the specific mechanism of inflammatory response modulation on angiogenesis and overall urethral healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T20:28:40Z","timestamp":1615408120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of Anti\u2010Inflammatory Nanofibers on Urethral Healing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5869-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne Y.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  225 E. Chicago Ave. Box 24 Chicago IL 60611 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew I.","family":"Bury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  225 E. Chicago Ave. Box 24 Chicago IL 60611 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie J.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  225 E. Chicago Ave. Box 24 Chicago IL 60611 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonnie G.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  225 E. Chicago Ave. Box 24 Chicago IL 60611 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily Yura","family":"Gerbie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  676 N S. Clair Suite 2300 Chicago IL 60611 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias D.","family":"Hofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  676 N S. Clair Suite 2300 Chicago IL 60611 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4504-3472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arun K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago  225 E. Chicago Ave. Box 24 Chicago IL 60611 USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  676 N S. Clair Suite 2300 Chicago IL 60611 USA"},{"name":"Simpson Querrey Institute Northwestern University  303 East Superior Street Chicago IL 60612 USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering  2145 Sheridan Road E310 Evanston IL 60208 USA"},{"name":"Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute Lurie Children's Hospital  303 East Superior Street Chicago IL 60612 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)01105-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.5.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000142451.78966.fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-020-0281-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","first-page":"594","volume":"29","author":"Mangir N.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.07.057"},{"journal-title":"Adv. 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