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However, previously developed tracheal scaffolds do not accurately mimic the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the native trachea, which restrict their clinical translation. Here, tracheal scaffolds are fabricated by using 3D printing and short nanofibers (SF) dispersion of poly(\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010lactide)\/gelatin (0.5\u20131.5 wt%) to afford tracheal constructs. The results display that the scaffolds containing 1.0\u00a0wt % of SF exhibit low density, good water absorption capacity, reasonable degradation rate, and stable mechanical properties, which were comparable to the native trachea. Moreover, the designed scaffolds possess good biocompatibility and promote the growth and infiltration of chondrocytes in vitro. The biocompatibility of tracheal scaffolds is further assessed after subcutaneous implantation in mice for up to 4 and 8 weeks. Histological assessment of tracheal constructs explanted at week 4 shows that scaffolds can maintain their structural integrity and support the formation of neo\u2010vessels. Furthermore, cell\u2010scaffold constructs gradually form cartilage\u2010like tissues, which mature with time. Collectively, these engineered tracheal scaffolds not only possess appropriate mechanical properties to afford a stabilized structure but also a biomimetic extracellular matrix\u2010like structure to accomplish tissue regeneration, which may have broad implications for tracheal regeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202100342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T14:18:59Z","timestamp":1635344339000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Converging 3D Printing and Electrospinning: Effect of Poly(\n                    <scp>l<\/scp>\n                    \u2010lactide)\/Gelatin Based Short Nanofibers Aerogels on Tracheal Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Zhengchao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano\u2010Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Donghua University  Shanghai 201620 P. 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