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Here, a neuropeptide S (NPS)\u2010crosslinked fibrin scaffolds (NPS@Fg) loaded with an ectomesenchymal stem cell (EMSC) system to bridge an 8\u2010mm sciatic nerve defect in rats are reported. The Schwann cell\u2010like and neural differentiation of the EMSCs on the engineered fibrin scaffolds are also assessed in vitro. These results show that the NPS@Fg promotes the differentiation of EMSCs into neuronal lineage cells, which may also contribute to the therapeutic outcome of the NPS@Fg+EMSCs strategy. After transplantation NPS@Fg+EMSCs into sciatic nerve defects in rats, nerve recovery is assessed up to 12 weeks postinjury. In vivo experiments show that the combination of NPS crosslinked fibrin scaffolds with EMSCs can significantly accelerate nerve healing and improve morphological repair. In the study, NPS@Fg+EMSCs may represent a new potential strategy for peripheral nerve reconstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202200381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T15:43:55Z","timestamp":1672415035000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["NPS\u2010Crosslinked Fibrin Gels Load with EMSCs to Repair Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0416-5887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Institute, School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China"},{"name":"Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210000 P. R. 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