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This procedure, however, often results in bacterial infections, primarily caused by biofilm\u2010forming Gram\u2010negative bacteria that adhere to the catheter surface. To address this challenge, we developed a polymer\u2010based antimicrobial coating using polydopamine (PD) embedded with gentamicin (Gent). We evaluated the antibiofilm efficacy of this coating (PD\u2010Gent) using a biofilm\u2010forming isolate of\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    (PAO1) as\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    is commonly implicated in catheter\u2010related infections. We observed that the PD\u2010Gent coating significantly reduced biofilm formed by PAO1 compared to the uncoated control. Importantly, the coating maintained its antibiofilm activity across diverse substrates, including polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), and silicone. The approach was further extended to incorporate other antibiotics (tobramycin, amikacin), demonstrating adaptability to multiple antimicrobial agents. Finally, artificial urine inoculated with PAO1 was deployed through PD\u2010Gent\u2013coated silicone Foley catheters under continuous flow for 24 h. Despite this continuous introduction of PAO1, the coated catheters inhibited biofilm formation by three\u2010fold compared to the uncoated control catheters. These findings underscore the promise of PD\u2010Gent as a robust, versatile coating with strong potential to significantly reduce the incidence of catheter\u2010associated infections in clinical settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202500501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T03:37:20Z","timestamp":1764992240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Polydopamine\u2010Antibiotic Composite Coating for Antibiofilm Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Gillian A.","family":"Kropp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah Q.","family":"Karp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine  Roanoke Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0133-2862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayasimha","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine  Roanoke Virginia USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Carilion Clinic  Roanoke Virginia USA"},{"name":"Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"},{"name":"Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod\u2010borne Pathogens Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henriette Suzanne","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nammalwar","family":"Sriranganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod\u2010borne Pathogens Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases Virginia\u2010Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine  Roanoke Virginia USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Carilion Clinic  Roanoke Virginia USA"},{"name":"Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"},{"name":"Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod\u2010borne Pathogens Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8499-6025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"},{"name":"Macromolecules Innovation Institute Blacksburg Virginia USA"},{"name":"Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod\u2010borne Pathogens Virginia Tech  Blacksburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2019.09.009"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"2047","article-title":"Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections","volume":"3","author":"Nicolle L. 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