{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T04:19:51Z","timestamp":1778645991656,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007053","name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C2010916"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C2010916"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M3H4A1A03039591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M3H4A1A03039591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Macromol. Rapid Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>For utilizing organic solar cells (OSCs) for commercial applications, reducing the overall cost of the photo absorbent materials is also very crucial. Herein, such a challenge is addressed by synergistically controlling the amount of fluorine (F)\u2010substituents (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02, 4) on a low\u2010cost wide\u2010bandgap molecular design involving alternate fluorinated\u2010thienyl benzodithiophene donor and 2,5\u2010difluoro benzene (2FBn) or 2,3,5,6\u00a0tetrafluorobenzene (4FBn) to form two new polymer donors PBDT\u20102FBn and PBDT\u20104FBn, respectively. As expected, sequential fluorination causes a lowering of the frontier energy levels and planarization of polymer backbone via F\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7S and C\u2010H\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7F noncovalent molecular locks, which results in more pronounced molecular packing and enhanced crystallinity from PBDT\u20102FBn to PBDT\u20104FBn. By mixing with IT\u20104F acceptor, PBDT\u20102FBn:IT\u20104F\u2010based blend demonstrates favorable molecular orientation with shorter <jats:italic>\u03c0<\/jats:italic>\u2013<jats:italic>\u03c0<\/jats:italic> stacking distance, higher carrier mobilities and desirable nanoscale morphology, hence delivering a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.3% than PBDT\u20102FBn:IT\u20104F counterpart (8.6%). Furthermore, pairing PBDT\u20102FBn with BTP\u2010BO\u20104Cl acceptor further improved absorption range and promoted privileged morphology for efficient exciton dissociation and charge transport, resulting in further improvement of PCE to 10.2% with remarkably low energy loss of 0.46\u00a0eV. Consequently, this study provides valuable guidelines for designing efficient and low\u2010cost polymer donors for OSC applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202200070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T13:39:26Z","timestamp":1647524366000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Tailoring Microstructure and Morphology via Sequential Fluorination to Enhance the Photovoltaic Performance of Low\u2010Cost Polymer Donors for Organic Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9374-919X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gururaj P.","family":"Kini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong Woon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Jae","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eui Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon Jae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munju","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doo Kyung","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nano and Information Materials (NIMs) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University  120, Neungdong\u2010ro, Gwangjin\u2010gu Seoul 05029 Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201304373"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201801793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201701942"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201902210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202007931"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2018.00414"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201900134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201900999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA12465E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.0c00537"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202101295"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10351-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwz200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2020.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EE03710A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b02695"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA11484F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2020.105679"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.8b05316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-020-9840-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TC04097A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EE01957K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2020.06.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.201700020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201304427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-018-9260-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1QM00060H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201600061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2016.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2018.12.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EE03684D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA00651E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar5000743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2019.108083"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA10662B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2021.109609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2015.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.7b00326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b04432"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.201900795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2018.06.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2019.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2020.105161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201805321"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b05365"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE03051C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201901171"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202000743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2020.109109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA04237G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10118-019-2309-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA03753A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201800550"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201401992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm500953e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201901773"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA07672F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/solr.202000130"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA03177D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9PY00674E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b01744"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TC01508B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA08356K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EE03608J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b03495"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.9b00793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b05418"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b02677"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nano.202100036"}],"container-title":["Macromolecular Rapid Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/marc.202200070","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/marc.202200070","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/marc.202200070","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T05:27:59Z","timestamp":1692854879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/marc.202200070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/marc.202200070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/marc.202200070","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-1336","1521-3927"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-1336","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-3927","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2200070"}}