{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T11:15:01Z","timestamp":1791630901452,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Macromol. Rapid Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Antimicrobial polymers (AMP) are promising therapeutics to target bacterial pathogens. Sulfonium\u2010based AMPs offer a good balance between high antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity. Currently, sulfonium groups are mostly incorporated into random copolymers that combine these cations with hydrophobic and neutral hydrophilic groups. In contrast, sulfonium\u2010based block copolymers (BCP), that structurally separate these functionalities, are less explored with structure\u2010property relations missing. Addressing this gap, we investigated BCPs that combine the active sulfonium\u2010based block with a neutral hydrophilic poly(polyethylene glycol methacrylate) (PPEGMA) block to improve cytocompatibility. The sulfonium cations contain varying ratios of two different hydrophobic side groups, i.e., benzyl (\n                    <jats:italic>bz<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and methyl (\n                    <jats:italic>me<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) groups. By changing the\n                    <jats:italic>bz<\/jats:italic>\n                    :\n                    <jats:italic>me<\/jats:italic>\n                    ratio, we adjusted the overall polymer hydrophobicity. BCPs with\n                    <jats:italic>bz<\/jats:italic>\n                    contents above 30\u00a0mol% showed the highest activity against\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    whereas those with\n                    <jats:italic>bz<\/jats:italic>\n                    contents \u2264\u00a030\u00a0mol% exhibited the best cell viability. Thus, a\n                    <jats:italic>bz<\/jats:italic>\n                    content of 30 mol% offers optimal balance between antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Combining these polymers with small molecule antibiotics penicillin G and ciprofloxacin resulted in synergistic effects, reducing the required concentrations of both polymer and antibiotic. These findings position sulfonium\u2010based BCPs as a promising platform to boost the efficacy of conventional antibiotics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202500421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T07:30:57Z","timestamp":1759303857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sulfonium\u2010Based Antimicrobial Block Copolymers: Influence of Hydrophobicity on Biological Activity and Antibiotic Synergy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Sidra","family":"Kanwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Institute of Pharmacy  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otto","family":"Staudhammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Institute of Pharmacy  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umer Bin Abdul","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Institute of Pharmacy  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Quaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy and Physics SupraFAB  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Rademann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Institute of Pharmacy  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8876-5088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Klinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Institute of Pharmacy  Berlin 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