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Rapid Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Reversible sol\u2013gel transitions are difficult to achieve in conventional water\u2010swollen hydrogels in open aqueous environments, because polymer chains dissolve or diffuse once the network disassembles. Here, we present a proof\u2010of\u2010concept to overcome this limitation by introducing a water\u2010immiscible and non\u2010cytotoxic ionic liquid (IL) phase that confines polymer networks and prevents dissolution during reversible phase transitions. We report a photoreversible ion gel that crosses the rheological boundary (tan\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u223c 1) under light, enabling reversible sol\u2013gel switching within this closed IL environment. The material integrates an ABC triblock copolymer, P(AzoAm\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010NIPAm)\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010PBuA\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010PSt, with a solvent\u2010quality\u2010tunable blend of non\u2010cytotoxic ILs ([P4,4,4,1][TFSI]\/[P8,8,8,8][TFSI]). The photoresponsive A\u2010block, P(AzoAm\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010NIPAm), exhibits a polarity\u2010dependent solubility change with the\n                    <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    isomerization of azobenzene, providing a reversible light\u2010controlled self\u2010assembly. Time\u2010resolved rheology confirmed repeated crossings of tan\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1 under alternating UV\u2013vis illumination at 52\u00b0C. The switching mechanism is governed by the lifetime of reversible junctions, consistent with transient network theory. In addition, hMSCs adhered to and spread on the ion gel at 37\u00b0C, indicating the cytocompatibility of the ion gel itself. This light\u2010programmable, water\u2010immiscible ion gel has the potential to provide a reversible liquid\u2010solid mechanical cue for next\u2010generation mechanobiology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.202500909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T09:27:24Z","timestamp":1769592444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Toward Dynamic Liquid Cell Scaffold: Photoreversible Ion Gels Exhibiting Light\u2010Induced Sol\u2010Gel Transitions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7388-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aya","family":"Saruwatari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials National Institute for Materials Science  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Life Science Hokkaido University  Sapporo 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Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Advanced Engineering Tokyo University of Science  Katsushika\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9317-6280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeshi","family":"Ueki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials National Institute for Materials Science  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Life Science Hokkaido University  Sapporo Hokkaido 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