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This study aimed to determine whether the insecticide permethrin was capable of inhibiting the growth of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> or if some other component of a permethrin cream was responsible for a decrease in scabies associated bacterial infection previously observed. Ten <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> strains were grown in the presence of permethrin and formaldehyde both alone and in combination with percent inhibition determined by viable counts. Also, a time\u2010kill assay was conducted on <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> exposed to the same conditions. Finally, the morphology of <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> grown in the presence of permethrin was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Bacterial inhibition by permethrin ranged from 0% to 41% whereas inhibition by formaldehyde was 100%. The time\u2010kill curves of permethrin exposed cells were very similar to the positive growth control while the formaldehyde and combination exposure showed complete inhibition even at the 0\u2010hr time point. The scanning electron micrographs of permethrin grown <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic> showed healthy cocci cells with no sign of cell damage. Our results show that permethrin is not capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria enough for it to be termed bactericidal. Formaldehyde is a known antiseptic and therefore was responsible for the antibacterial effect observed after the use of permethrin cream.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T05:42:44Z","timestamp":1588916564000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The in vitro antibacterial effect of permethrin and formaldehyde on <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Philip","family":"Nikolic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8246-2150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poonam","family":"Mudgil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Whitehall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0771"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12334"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(85)90078-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136789"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"1979","article-title":"Formaldehyde dismutase activities in Gram\u2010positive bacteria oxidizing methanol","volume":"139","author":"Bystrykh L. 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