{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:08:58Z","timestamp":1776978538910,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, a total of 14 vaginal samples (GPV1\u201014) from giant pandas were analyzed. These vaginal samples were divided into two groups as per the region and age of giant pandas. All the vaginal samples were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing. As per the outcomes of metagenomic analysis, Proteobacteria (39.04%), Firmicutes (5.27%), Actinobacteria (2.94%), and Basidiomycota (2.77%) were found to be the dominant phyla in the microbiome of the vaginal samples. At the genus level, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> (21.90%) was found to be the most dominant genus, followed by <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> (3.47%), <jats:italic>Psychrobacter<\/jats:italic> (1.89%), and <jats:italic>Proteus<\/jats:italic> (1.38%). Metastats analysis of the microbial species in the vaginal samples of giant pandas from Wolong Nature Reserve, Dujiangyan and Ningbo Youngor Zoo, and Ya'an Bifengxia Nature Reserve was found to be significantly different (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Age groups, that is, AGE1 (5\u201010\u00a0years old) and AGE2 (11\u201016\u00a0years old), also demonstrated significantly different inter\u2010group microbial species (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). For the first time, <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>\u00a0and\u00a0<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\u00a0were detected in giant pandas\u2019 reproductive tract. GPV3 vaginal sample (2.63%) showed highest <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> content followed by GPV14 (0.91%), and GPV7 (0.62%). GPV5 vaginal sample (7.17%) showed the highest <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> content, followed by GPV14 (7.02%), and GPV8 (6.50%). Furthermore, we employed eggNOG, CAZy, KEGG, and NCBI databases to investigate the functional significance of giant panda's vaginal microbial community. The outcomes indicated that giant panda's vaginal microbes were involved in biological processes. The data from this study will help in improving the reproductive health of giant pandas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T15:34:06Z","timestamp":1605713646000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Analysis of the vaginal microbiome of giant pandas using metagenomics sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio\u2010Resource and Eco\u2010Environment of Ministry of Education Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Life Sciences Sichuan University  Chengdu PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caiwu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda Key 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