{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:25:40Z","timestamp":1781285140951,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532563200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. 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Compounds were screened in initial\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilms. Then, the most effective compounds were further investigated in mature\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and polymicrobial biofilms comprising\n                    <jats:italic>Actinomyces naeslundii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Actinomyces odontolyticus,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Here, distinct treatment periods and concentrations were evaluated. Biofilms were visualized by scanning electron microscopy and bacterial membrane damage was evaluated by means of flow cytometry and staining with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SYBR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    Green and propidium iodide. Citrus extract was the only compound exhibiting similar antimicrobial efficacy in initial\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilms (&gt;5 log\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) as compared to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , but its effect was clearly inferior in mature\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and polymicrobial biofilms. Flow cytometric data suggested that the mechanism of antimicrobial action of citrus extract may be based on damage of bacterial membranes similar to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . From all alternative compounds investigated in this study, citrus extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial efficacy toward in vitro biofilms from caries\u2010associated bacteria, but still was less effective than oral care gold\u2010standard antiseptics\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Nevertheless, citrus extract may be a valuable antimicrobial compound for use in oral care for caries\u2010active patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]],"date-time":"2018-07-27T00:10:41Z","timestamp":1532650241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Antimicrobial efficacy of alternative compounds for use in oral care toward biofilms from caries\u2010associated bacteria in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1750-7380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Cieplik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Medical Center Regensburg  Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Medical Center Regensburg  Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Muehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology University Medical Center Regensburg  Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Enax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Care Research Department Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH &amp; Co. 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