{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T06:20:14Z","timestamp":1778307614186,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, including\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , present significant challenges in clinical microbiology due to their genetic similarity, which complicates accurate species identification using established methods, including matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption\/ionization\u2010time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI\u2010TOF MS) on the protein\/peptide level. Although the treatment choice for infections caused by these pathogens is often similar, precise species characterization enhances our epidemiological understanding. While whole\u2010genome sequencing can accurately distinguish\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                    species accurately, those analyses are time\u2010consuming, requiring specialized expertise, and are not currently used in routine clinical laboratories. Therefore, developing a timely and accurate pathogen characterization method is essential for effective treatment, management, and infection control measures. This study combined MALDI\u2010TOF MS in negative ion mode with machine learning techniques to identify potential lipid biomarkers as a novel method to distinguish between\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>K. quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Using this method, we identified discriminative features between the species, with peaks at\n                    <jats:italic>m\/z<\/jats:italic>\n                    2157,\n                    <jats:italic>m\/z<\/jats:italic>\n                    1931,\n                    <jats:italic>m\/z<\/jats:italic>\n                    1964,\n                    <jats:italic>m\/z<\/jats:italic>\n                    2042, and\n                    <jats:italic>m\/z<\/jats:italic>\n                    1407 highlighted as potential biomarkers for species identification. Our findings suggest that the lipid profiles of the species obtained from MALDI\u2010TOF MS can serve as effective biomarkers for distinguishing\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Further research should focus on the structural identification of these biomarkers and expand the data set to include more isolates for each of the species. This approach holds promise for developing more cost\u2010effective and rapid diagnostic tools in clinical microbiology, ultimately improving patient outcomes and infection control.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T07:14:49Z","timestamp":1752563689000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Discrimination of\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae<\/i>\n                    by MALDI\u2010TOF Mass Spectrometry Coupled With Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mari","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Kostrzewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bruker Daltonics GmbH&amp;Co. KG Bremen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5517-146X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonah","family":"Rodgus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Infectious Disease Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frances","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Infectious Disease Imperial College London London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust London UK"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology North West London Pathology London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology Imperial College London  UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7075-6896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elita","family":"Jauneikaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Infectious Disease Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6614-8698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald","family":"Larrouy\u2010Maumus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology Imperial College London  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