{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:09:41Z","timestamp":1791500981735,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Respiratory aspergillosis refers to a range of infections, from allergic to chronic and invasive, which can be life\u2010threatening and are primarily caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Other species, including\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus nidulans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus versicolor<\/jats:italic>\n                    , have also been implicated in respiratory infections. Treatment for chronic to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis typically involves azole antifungal drugs, although studies have shown varying minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for these medications, with a growing concern over voriconazole resistance. During the period from August 2022 to May 2024, characteristic hyphae were detected in 7.2% of lower respiratory samples, with culture positivity in 12.8%, including early morning sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples.\n                    <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009282) was the most frequently isolated species, followed by\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200986). Additionally, a seasonal trend was observed for\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections, with peaks in April and September. The MIC of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B, ravuconazole, and caspofungin were assessed for the isolated\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. A higher MIC of amphotericin B was observed against\n                    <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A. terreus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , whereas azoles exhibited a relatively lower MIC. Caspofungin and posaconazole exhibited the lowest MIC against the isolated\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the causative fungi and determine the antifungal MIC for\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    species responsible for lower respiratory tract infections. This study emphasizes the significance of respiratory aspergillosis in TB\u2010endemic regions of Eastern India.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T08:41:27Z","timestamp":1763455287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of\n                    <i>Aspergillus<\/i>\n                    Strains Isolated From the Lower Respiratory Tract in Eastern Indian Patients: A Hospital\u2010Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Nikhil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology research group, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sradha","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology research group, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohit","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of TB &amp; Respiratory Diseases Sir Sunderlal Hospital (BHU) Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3188-3566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atul Kumar","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritika","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology research group, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhirami","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology research group, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ragini","family":"Tilak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology research group, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munesh K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology research group, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9976-2982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger J.","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2006.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02539-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1690-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-020-00382-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2022.108284"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14072154"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","volume-title":"Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi; Approved Standard","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02264-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2022.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-024-04026-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2022.101310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9111070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-95735-9.00011-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), 2019. Standard Operating Procedures for Fungal Identifications and Detection of Antifungal Resistance","author":"Icmr I.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188716"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.54586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00001011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2021.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix130"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00311-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-10560-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5580\/IJID.55052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7100274"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1043224"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_921_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22034\/cmm.2024.345251.1549"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2011.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115473"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab638"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.08.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab466.913"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5030055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1028525"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00502-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2023: TB Diagnosis \u2013 Treatment, Section 2.2: Diagnostic Testing for TB","author":"WHO","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2021.101166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.01.047"}],"container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mbo3.70136","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mbo3.70136","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mbo3.70136","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T08:57:43Z","timestamp":1769590663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mbo3.70136"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mbo3.70136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mbo3.70136","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-8827","2045-8827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-8827","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-8827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70136"}}