{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T15:16:05Z","timestamp":1793114165519,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Asymptomatic rectal carriers are recognized as reservoirs of carbapenem\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (CRKp), which can spread epidemic high\u2010risk clones [e.g., sequence types (ST)\u2010307] and plasmids [incompatibility group (Inc)\u2010X3] in hospitals, with possible transmission into the community. This study investigated the epidemiology and characteristics of CRKp high\u2010risk clones ST307 among rectal carriage isolates from community hospitals. A carbapenemase positivity rate of 24% was observed for all rectal screening performed during hospital admission (February to August 2021) in Gauteng, South Africa; 252 CRKp isolates were characterized. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the VITEK 2 automated system, and polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ST307, carbapenemase genes, and associated mobile genetic elements (MGEs e.g., IncX3, IS3000). Of the 252 isolates, 25% (64\/252) were ST307 positive and 75% (188\/252) were non\u2010ST307. Among the 64 ST307, 45% (29\/64) harbored\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u2010181<\/jats:sub>\n                    on IncX3 plasmids. Occurrence of\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u2010181<\/jats:sub>\n                    among ST307 (69%; 44\/64) when compared to non\u2010ST307 (48%; 91\/188) was statistically significant (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010value\u2009=\u20090.002). Fourteen isolates, including two ST307, harbored double carbapenemase genes. Carbapenemase gene combinations include six\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>+bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u201048\u2010like<\/jats:sub>\n                    , four\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>+bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u2010181<\/jats:sub>\n                    , three\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>KPC<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>+bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u2010181<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and one\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u2010181<\/jats:sub>\n                    +\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>VIM<\/jats:sub>\n                    . One ST307 isolate harbored three carbapenemase genes (\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>+bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u201048<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>+bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA\u2010181<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Level of antimicrobial resistance was significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010value\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) associated with the occurrence of ST307, comprising 73% (47\/64) extensively drug resistant. This study highlights the need for rectal screening of XDR clones and plasmids using simple and cost\u2010effective genomic methodologies suitable for low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries for local risk management and control of infectious diseases in hospitals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T14:52:26Z","timestamp":1763131946000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rectal Carriage of Sequence Type 307\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    High\u2010Risk Clone Harboring Multiple Carbapenemase Genes in Community Hospitals Gauteng, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1049-596X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kafilat Taiwo","family":"Salvador\u2010Oke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Pitout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Precision Laboratories Calgary Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisele","family":"Peirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Precision Laboratories Calgary Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy\u2010Anne","family":"Strydom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory, Ampath Centurion South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanel","family":"Kingsburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory, Ampath Centurion South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marthie","family":"Ehlers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Tshwane Academic Division National Health Laboratory Service Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Kock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Tshwane Academic Division National Health Laboratory Service Pretoria South 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