{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T08:30:00Z","timestamp":1769675400446,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We characterized the secreted\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    P21 protein and hypothesized its role in parasite invasion and multiplication. To investigate the role of\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    P21 protein in host\u2010parasite interactions, specifically focusing on the low\u2010virulence G strain. P21 knockout parasites were generated using CRISPR\/Cas9. Cell invasion, multiplication, egress, and tissue parasitism were assessed in vitro and in vivo, comparing knockout and control parasites. P21 knockout significantly reduced parasite invasion and multiplication in Vero cells.\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , knockout parasites also showed reduced heart tissue parasitism in infected mice, despite no observable systemic parasitemia. Accordingly, P21 knockout trypomastigote egress was reduced in Vero cells. P21 plays a pleiotropic role in\n                    <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, differentially impacting parasite biology in the low\u2010virulent G strain. In the G strain, P21 promotes invasion and persistence, potentially through mechanisms distinct from its role in the Y strain previously described. This highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for Chagas disease, warranting further investigation into strain\u2010specific functions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T07:08:47Z","timestamp":1762844927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/i>\n                    P21 Is a Pleiotropic Protein That Is Involved in Parasite Host Cell Invasion and Intracellular Parasitism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nelsa Paula In\u00e1cio","family":"Uombe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"},{"name":"Escola Superior de desenvolvimento Rural\u2014UEM (Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Vilanculos Mo\u00e7ambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresiama","family":"Velikkakam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1747-7919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Clara Azevedo","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassiano Costa","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna Cristina","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thaise Lara","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia Luiza","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade Federal de Uberl\u00e2ndia Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1783-8777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo Silva","family":"Servato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Uberaba Uberaba 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