{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:55:08Z","timestamp":1791381308526,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Therapeutically utilized phages should optimally be produced in defined bacterial strains that are free of prophages and virulence factors. However, phage\u2013host interactions in these production strains may be very different from clinical strains. Here, we characterized a lytic\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2013specific phage vB_SauP_EBHT (EBHT), which had a dramatic change in its host specificity when produced in alternative host 19A2 compared with the original isolation host DSM 104437, even though there were no changes in the phage genome, proteome, structure, or adsorption efficiency. The reason for the altered host range was revealed to be based on different methylation patterns of the EBHT genome by host restriction\u2013modification (R\u2010M) systems in the two hosts. Even though the alternative host 19A2 produced a higher burst size, the host range of the produced phages was narrower. Together, these results illustrate that the most efficient production host may not necessarily be the most optimal one and that bacterial R\u2010M systems should be considered when selecting the optimal phage\u2010production host.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T05:27:31Z","timestamp":1764307651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Host R\u2010M Systems Change the Host Range of\n                    <i>Staphylococcus<\/i>\n                    Phage EBHT"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7404-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henni","family":"Tuomala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Holtel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Functional Gene Analytics Bonn\u2010Rhein\u2010Sieg University of Applied Sciences Rheinbach Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-1729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melina","family":"Markkanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7206-5394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheetal","family":"Patpatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0775-3449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katariina","family":"Kaansalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2058-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Rolland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute DSMZ\u2010German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1421-7780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver W.","family":"Bayfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry University of York York England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5354-1519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira","family":"Ranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"HUS Diagnostic Center, Clinical Microbiology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8791-9260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikael","family":"Skurnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Wittmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute DSMZ\u2010German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0461-7270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saija","family":"Kiljunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Guideline on Quality, Safety and Efficacy of Veterinary Medicinal Products Specifically Designed for Phage Therapy","author":"Agency E. 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