{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T13:13:22Z","timestamp":1777036402240,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an opportunistic pathogen linked to rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally. To assess the antimicrobial resistance pattern and biofilm\u2010forming ability of\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a total of 240 samples were collected from slaughterhouses, open butcher shops, wet market selling points, and high\u2010grade, medium\u2010grade, and poor\u2010grade restaurants in Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) and Gazipur City Corporation (GCC). Among the samples, 132 (55%) samples were positive for\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with the highest prevalence (60%) in raw beef from GCC. The antibiogram profile depicted diverse resistance patterns with the highest resistance pattern to ampicillin (100%), amoxicillin (100%), and cefoxitin (87.12%). All isolates exhibited a multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) value greater than 0.2, indicating contamination from high\u2010risk sources. The antimicrobial resistance encoding genes were\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>BIC<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>IMP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    were 54% and 36%, respectively. Phenotypic characterization, utilizing Congo red agar and microtiter plate tests, identified 25 out of 132 (19%) isolates as biofilm producers, with 7 (28%) classified as strong producers, and 3 (12%) and 15 (60%) as intermediate and weak producers, respectively. This study addresses the alarming emergence of antimicrobial resistance within the beef value chain in Bangladesh, posing an alarming threat to food safety and public health associated with biofilm\u2010producing foodborne pathogens, underscoring the necessity for improved hygiene practices to mitigate the public health risk posed by these pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T10:16:16Z","timestamp":1774433776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance in\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>\n                    : A Molecular and Antibiogram Insight From the Beef Value Chain in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Md Sodor","family":"Uddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fahmida Jahan","family":"Fahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohel","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Al","family":"Kafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jobaida","family":"Khanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md Nazim","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Livestock Production &amp; Management, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md Masudur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monira","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8506-1202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Mukter","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2062-8471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Mahfujur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0045-9669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Bashir","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4000-616X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdaus Mohd Altaf","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20200847"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/jbs.2002.429.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afrough P. M. R.Pourmand A. A.Sarajian M.Saki andS.Saremy. Molecular Investigation of Staphylococcus aureus coa and spa Genes in Ahvaz Hospitals Staff Nose Compared With Patients Clinical Samples [Internet]. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology2012May. Report no. 6.https:\/\/brieflands.com\/journals\/jjm\/articles\/72595.","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.5377"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bsheal.2021.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","unstructured":"Basavaraj M. andP.JyothiAntimicrobial Resistance of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains From Patients With Urinary Tract Infections in SBMPMC Hospital Bijapur India. In2014[cited 2025 Mar 10].https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANCE-OF-KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE-Basavaraj-Jyothi\/643fd6de66db5654b4046fa3ba73ef2eedf5bd83."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4761"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11102581"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.597907"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/avmj.2015.170241"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","unstructured":"Eyaufe I. andU.Okodua. Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated From Sputum Samples Amongst Hospitalized Adults in Parts of Edo State South\u2010South Nigeria. In2017.https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Antibiotic-susceptibility-profile-of-Klebsiella-in-Eyaufe-Iserhienrhien\/b308e8498ed9530f978a123625179aa13e1735da."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"925","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of \u03b2\u2010Lactamase\u2010Resistant Klebsiella Aerogenes Isolated From Raw Milk in Bangladesh","volume":"153531412513728","author":"Fahim F. J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/ajvs.58885"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.42.8.872"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1319"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.3.377"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP-19-520"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afres.2025.100728"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bjvm.v6i1.1330"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","unstructured":"Hossain M. M. andF.HossainAntibiogram Profile of Escherichia coli Bacterium Isolated From Migratory Birds.2019March."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11112937"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38871-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP7327"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/aajbb.v3i1.64747"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/BFJ-03-2018-0191"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07215-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40550-023-00102-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2024.101345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.46.1.165-170.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2010.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28062432"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/3952504"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","unstructured":"Multidrug\u2010Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Farm Environments and Retail Products in Oklahoma \u2010 ScienceDirect [Internet]. 2025 March.https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0362028X22011723."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/jmbr.v23i1.3"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Indices of Pseudomonas and Klebsiella Species Isolates in Lagos University Teaching Hospital","volume":"14","author":"Osundiya O. O.","year":"2013","journal-title":"African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00078-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ijfs.2021.9215"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"7. Microbiological Quality of Beef and Beef Products in Dhaka City","volume":"2","author":"Rahman S. M. E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment JAFE"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of Biofilm Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Beef Value Chain in Bangladesh","volume":"2","author":"Rana S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Science of Animal Resources"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"High Prevalence of Multidrug\u2010Resistant Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase \u2010Producing Escherichia Coli in Raw Milk in Bangladesh","volume":"6","author":"Rana S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbes Infect Dis [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20220222"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","unstructured":"Romanus I. andO. A.Egwu. 2025. Analysis of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated From Different Clinical Specimen pn Enugu State.https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/ANALYSIS-OF-ANTIBIOTIC-SUSCEPTIBILITY-OF-KLEBSIELLA-Romanus-Egwu\/7a377119d01c6d6bb6684aeca9b1159104edefe1."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100680"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Pattern of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated From Urinary Samples in Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kishanganj, Bihar, 5 Years' Experience","volume":"6","author":"Saha A. K.","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research IJCMR"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/5548434"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257419"}],"container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mbo3.70263","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mbo3.70263","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mbo3.70263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T11:54:16Z","timestamp":1777031656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mbo3.70263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mbo3.70263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mbo3.70263","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-8827","2045-8827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-8827","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-8827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70263"}}