{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T13:14:04Z","timestamp":1777036444939,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773532800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Not susceptible to methicillin\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA), is a potentially harmful bacteria that is resistant to the most important antimicrobial agents. Because MRSA is so resistant to many antibiotics, it can cause illnesses by forming biofilms. The aim of this study was to assess the nasal carriage rate of biofilm\u2010producing methicillin\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA) and its associated factors among HealthCare Workers at Wachemo University Nigist Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Central Ethiopia. This cross\u2010sectional study, carried out at Wachemo University Nigist Ellen Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Central Ethiopia from August 1 to November 30, 2023. Nasal swab samples from 294 healthcare workers (HCWs) were obtained using sterile cotton swabs. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard culture methods on Mannitol Salt and Blood Agar, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing and biofilm formation assessments followed the CLSI 2023 (M100, 33rd edition) guidelines via the Kirby\u2010Bauer disk diffusion methods. All laboratory analyses were performed in triplicate to ensure consistency. Data were double\u2010entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and cross\u2010checked for accuracy. Missing or inconsistent data were verified against original laboratory records and latterly then, exported to SPSS V25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied for statistical evaluation, with a\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010value of\u2009\u2264\u20090.05 regarded as statistically significant. In this study, the occurrence rates of S. aureus, MRSA, and biofilm\u2010producing MRSA were 98 out of 294 isolated strains (33.4%), 41 out of 294 isolated strains (13.9%), and 28 out of 294 isolated strains (9.5%), respectively. The MRSA strains exhibited high sensitivity to linezolid, rifampicin, and vancomycin while showing resistance to cefoxitin, cotrimoxazole, and ciprofloxacin. A history of prior hospitalization (length of stay in the hospital) was statistically significant for the colonization of biofilm\u2010producing MRSA, with an adjusted odds ratio of 10.00 (95% CI: 1.36\u201373.3;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.024). MRSA and MRSA that produces biofilms were found to be 41.8% and 68.3% prevalent overall in the study area, respectively. Biofilm\u2010producing MRSA is a potential cause of healthcare\u2010associated diseases. Therefore, these findings emphasize the urgent need for improved infection\u2010prevention practices and routine screening of healthcare workers to mitigate the risk of healthcare\u2010associated infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T03:49:33Z","timestamp":1773632973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nasal Carriage Rate of Biofilm Producing Methicillin Resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    and Its Associated Factors Among Health Care Workers at Hospital of Central Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Wubeshet","family":"Mathewos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Sciences and Medicine Wolaita Sodo University Sodo Ethiopia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science Durame General Hospital Durame Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1500-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abera","family":"Kumalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Sciences and Medicine Wolaita Sodo University Sodo Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takele","family":"Teklu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Sciences and Medicine Wolaita Sodo University Sodo Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tigistu","family":"Demisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Sciences and Medicine Wolaita Sodo University Sodo Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7203-5944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muluneh","family":"Temesgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science Hosanna Health science College Hosanna Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tariku","family":"Chinasho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Sciences and Medicine Wolaita Sodo University Sodo Ethiopia"},{"name":"11700 Old Columbia pike, #1411 Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4157869"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2139-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojmm.2016.61003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70097-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-157"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.11.026"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria Among Health Care Workers in Intensive Care Units at Ain Shams University Hospitals","volume":"40","author":"At A. 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