{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:46:41Z","timestamp":1782470801181,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["MicrobiologyOpen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sepsis is a life\u2010threatening condition frequently associated with gut dysbiosis and bacterial colonization by multidrug\u2010resistant organisms. However, the interplay between gut microbiota, colonization patterns, and sepsis onset remains poorly defined. The authors analyzed longitudinal gut microbiota profiles from 132 hospitalized patients enrolled in the SURVEIL study. Rectal swabs were collected at three time points (baseline, sepsis onset, and discharge). Bacterial colonization status and MDR strains were determined through culture\u2010based methods, while microbiota composition was assessed\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    16S rDNA sequencing. Diversity indices, taxonomic and functional profiles, and differential abundance analyses (LEfSe) were integrated with clinical metadata, including age and sepsis status. At baseline, colonized patients\u2014particularly those harboring Gram\u2010positive taxa\u2014exhibited significantly reduced alpha diversity compared to non\u2010colonized individuals. Aging further modulated diversity and beta diversity patterns independently. Sepsis was associated with profound dysbiosis, characterized by enrichment in opportunistic genera (e.g.,\n                    <jats:italic>Finegoldia<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.,\n                    <jats:italic>Anaerococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.,\n                    <jats:italic>Parabacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.), reduced microbial diversity, and distinct beta diversity trajectories. Functional predictions revealed enhanced representation of anaerobic metabolism, nitrogen\/sulfur cycling, and host\u2010adaptive traits in colonized states. MDR strains partially overlapped with bloodstream pathogens in septic patients, suggesting a possible link between intestinal colonization and bloodstream infection that warrants mechanistic validation. Our findings demonstrate that bacterial colonization and sepsis are strongly associated with compositional and functional shifts in the gut microbiota. Age and MDR carriage further shape microbiota dynamics. Early microbial signatures, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Finegoldia<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. enrichment in colonized non\u2010septic patients, may represent early markers of microbial destabilization and sepsis risk.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T03:50:46Z","timestamp":1777607446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gut Microbiota as a Key Modulator in the Pathophysiology of Sepsis: SURVEIL Project"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bazzano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition University of Piemonte Orientale Vercelli 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