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In this study, a collection of 95\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>N. glabratus<\/jats:italic>\n                    clinical isolates was analyzed in terms of biofilm formation capacity, revealing large phenotypic diversity. Interestingly, urinary tract associated isolates were found to produce, on average, twice as much biofilm as the remaining isolates. A more in\u2010depth analysis was carried out focusing on a selection of three of the lowest biofilm producing and four of the highest biofilm producing isolates. Higher total biofilm mass was found to consistently correlate with higher metabolic activity and carbohydrate extracellular matrix content, while no correlation with virulence against the\n                    <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection model could be detected. Whole\u2010genome sequencing of these high and low biofilm producing strains led to a list of 184 genes whose mutation may underlie biofilm formation variability. Deletion of 24 of these genes, identified\n                    <jats:italic>BST1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>EST3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>LSM7<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>AMS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>ZCF21<\/jats:italic>\n                    as previously uncharacterized contributors to biofilm formation, whose disruption results in a measurable reduction in biofilm biomass. Altogether, the obtained knowledge suggests within\u2010host positive selection in the urinary tract, for\n                    <jats:italic>N. glabratus<\/jats:italic>\n                    specialization towards biofilm growth. The identification of new effectors of biofilm formation is consistent with the existence of a multi\u2010layered network that connects transcriptional regulation and cell surface architecture in biofilm development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.70444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:03:29Z","timestamp":1792584209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic Landscape Underlying Biofilm Formation Diversity in\n                    <i>Nakaseomyces glabratus<\/i>\n                    Clinical Isolates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas Vieira","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"iBB \u2010 Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2010Institute for Health and Bioeconomy Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Zolotareva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"iBB \u2010 Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2010Institute for Health and Bioeconomy Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mafalda","family":"Cavalheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"iBB \u2010 Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2010Institute for Health and Bioeconomy Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalila","family":"Mil\u2010Homens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"iBB \u2010 Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2010Institute for Health and Bioeconomy Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel M.","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MISE\u2010Health, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto, Alameda Prof Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaname","family":"Sasamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Mycology Research Center (MMRC) Chiba University Chiba 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